1st CIRP Industrial Product-Service Systems (IPS2) Conference, 2009
Permanent URI for this collection
Editors: Rajkumar Roy and Essam Shehab
Organised by: Cranfield University
Sponsored by:
- Mori Seiki – The Machine Tool Company;
- BAE Systems;
- S4T – Support Service Solutions: Strategy and Transition
ISBN: 978-0-9557436-5-8
Browse
Browsing 1st CIRP Industrial Product-Service Systems (IPS2) Conference, 2009 by Title
Now showing 1 - 20 of 40
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Open Access Affordability Assessment of Industrial Product-Service System in the Aerospace Defence Industry(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Bankole, O. O.; Roy, Rajkumar; Shehab, Essam; Wardle, P.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThe Industrial Product-Service System (IPS2) takes a whole life cycle view in order to consider the total cost of the IPS2 offering. This paper focuses on the concept of customer affordability which aims to review current practice in industry and with interaction between customer and solution providers to identify factors affecting affordability. It secures a standard definition and proposes a measurement technique called the Affordability Index (AI) within the aerospace defence industry. A preliminary Affordability Capability Audit Tool is developed to give an indication of the confidence level about the AI. It identifies challenges in industry and outlines opportunities for further research scope.Item Open Access Analysis of Integrated Product and Service Offerings from Current Perspectives of Providers and Customers(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Sakao, T.; Sundin, E.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThis paper reports the current status of how companies address IPSO (Integrated Product and Service Offerings)-typed business. It will consist of perspectives both from providers and customers mainly from Sweden and Germany. Especially, it selects how providing firms address uncertainty as one focal issue. As a result of interviews, factors from customers are the major source of uncertainty for an experienced company, while services are the major for little experienced companies. In addition, there was found to be a reasonable wish of providers to obtain a formalized way leading to quantitative management of uncertainty. On the other hand, customer incentives are not always clear. While some customers find the IPSO preferable from economic reasons other customers have the opposite recognition.Item Open Access Business Implications of Integrated Product and Service Offerings(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Lindahl, M.; Sakao, T.; Öhrwall Rönnbäck, A.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThis paper explores the business implications of Integrated Product and Service Offerings (IPSOs). The objective is to show examples of the business implications of IPSOs from a supplier’s perspective, and to suggest specifications for supporting methods needed for such an industrial company. The paper is largely based on empirical case studies of 120 Swedish manufacturing companies of all sizes. Results from the case studies show that both small and large companies that conduct the transition towards IPSOs face several important strategic challenges, some of them associated with high risk.Item Open Access Challenges for Industrial Product/Service Systems: Experiences from a learning network of large companies(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Sundin, E.; Ölundh Sandström, G.; Lindahl, M.; Öhrwall Rönnbäck, A.; Sakao, T.; Larsson, T. C.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabIn Sweden, there are a growing number of manufacturers that are using the approach of industrial product/service systems. This paper explores how manufacturers and university researchers have started a workshop series where important and topical product/service system issues are elucidated. The companies face many challenges in order to achieve a good product/service system business. Many challenges are related to changing different peoples’ mindset within the company and/or with external companies and customers. Having a learning network approach of dealing with these challenges has been perceived as a good manner of tackling the questions raised within the product/service system providing companies.Item Open Access The Chinese Service Industry as a Challenge for European SME: A Systematic Approach for Market Entry(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Schmitt, R.; Schumacher, S.; Scharrenberg, C.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabCompared to industrial firms, the market share of foreign companies in the Chinese service industry is rather low. Especially western small and medium-sized service providing enterprises face different problems when they try to establish a business in China. Therefore an approach has been developed within a research project, which aims to support these companies in planning and successfully realising a service market entry in China. Methods are presented, which allow a systematic benchmark and selection of the target markets and a detailed definition and agreement of the cooperation between the Chinese and the western company.Item Open Access Commercializing Sustainable Innovations in the Market through Entrepreneurship(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Keskin, D.; Brezet, H.; Diehl, J. C.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThe system innovations for sustainability require changes at multiple-domains (social, cultural, institutional and technological) and multiple-levels (micro-, meso-, and macro-levels) of the socio-technological system. From a sustainable production and consumption view, systems innovations can be enhanced through a PSS strategy at organisational level. This can be achieved through new entrepreneurial entries because of their potential in commercialising sustainable innovations and consequently bringing the necessary institutional change that favours such innovations. This paper aims at investigating how sustainability-driven entrepreneurs enhance the commercialisation of sustainable PSS and the consequences of this process and the potential role of design in it.Item Open Access Comprehensive Complexity-Based Failure Modeling for Maintainability and Serviceability(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Meselhy, K. T.; ElMaraghy, H. A.; ElMaraghy, W. H.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabFailures are the primary triggers for repair and maintenance actions. A clear definition of failure events is important in order to improve maintainability and serviceability. A comprehensive complexity-based mathematical definition of failure is introduced. The applicability of the developed failure model to different complexity definitions is discussed. A new metric is introduced to capture the change in complexity associated with function degradation. A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the new failure definition and metric. The developed approach for failure modeling can be used for maintenance planning.Item Open Access Cost evaluation method for service design based on activity based costing(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Kimita, K.; Hara, T.; Shimomura, Y.; Arai, T.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabAs our economy matures, customers have begun to demand more services in addition to just industrial products. To address this problem, designers require a novel engineering methodology, called Service Engineering (SE). SE aims to create value by combining services and products. SE focuses more on increasing customer satisfaction, while general service developers need to take into account economic cost in order to be successful in business. This paper proposes a method to evaluate service from the viewpoints of customer importance and economic cost. The proposed method is verified through its application to a practical case.Item Open Access Cost modelling techniques for availability type service support contracts: a literature review and empirical study(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Datta, Partha Priya; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThe research in this paper is focused on enhancing existing knowledge in cost estimation models at the bidding stage of service support contracts. The difficulty of this task lies in the long lasting contracts, which in some cases may reach even 40 years. The paper first reports the existing knowledge through detailed review of literature. The paper studies different service support contracts and reports the cost modelling techniques used in availability type contracts in the context of defence and aerospace industry. The contribution of this paper is to identify the key areas of improvement and business priorities in the area of cost modelling of availability type service support contracts.Item Open Access Dynamic IPS²-Networks and -Operations Based on Software Agents(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Meier, H.; Uhlmann, E.; Krug, C. M.; Völker, O.; Geisert, C.; Stelzer, C.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThis article describes how an IPS² network should be build up by considering the dynamic behavior of the IPS² along its life-cycle. How the network partner could participate and how they allocate their capacities will be also discussed as questions regarding the commissioning by considering the business model. The realization of this concept is based on a multi-agent system. Therefore all service delivery involved IPS² objects like product, network partner and service technicians are represented by software agents. All this will be pointed out by an availability oriented maintenance scenario in the field of micro production.Item Open Access Empirical Study Concerning Industrial Services within the Austrian Machinery and Plant Engineering Industry(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Matyas, K.; Rosteck, A.; Sihn, W.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabIndustrial Services adapted to the requirements of the customers and aligned with the specifications of the physical products are becoming increasingly important for companies in the engineering industry in order to remain competitive and to ensure long-term economic success. An empirical study in the Austrian machinery and plant engineering industry should systematically evaluate and document corporate practice with regard to services. The current service landscapes in companies and the development of customer requirements have been investigated. The result of the study is a general idea of what the future needs for action in these companies as well as in applied research are.Item Open Access Engineering Network Configuration: Transition from Products to Services(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Zhang, Y.; Srai, J.; Gregory, M.; Iakovaki, A.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabExisting approaches to the design and operation of engineering networks are largely product-oriented and pay little attention to the intangible, customer-involving and relationship-based nature of services. With the trend of servitization in manufacturing companies and the emergence of service science, manufacturers, particularly those who are engaged with complex and long-lifecycle products and systems, need to update their engineering networks to support integrated product-service offering. This paper develops a conceptual framework to demonstrate the configuration features of product- and service-oriented engineering networks. It will provide theoretical insight and practical guidance on the design and operation of integrated product and service systems.Item Open Access Environmental Impacts of Rental Service with Reconditioning – A Case Study(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Khumboon, R.; Kara, S.; Manmek, S.; Kayis, S.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThis paper presents a combination of selling service and life time extension strategy which has previously been proposed by others but with no supporting environmental impact assessment. It aims at evaluating rental service with reconditioning using a photocopier as a case study. Life Cycle Assessment was employed to provide a quantitative comparison of rental service with reconditioning and traditional product selling. The findings indicate that the reconditioning is potentially a promising way for improving the environmental performance of the rental service. However, it is premature to draw the general conclusion with further environmental impact measurement being required since the approach is very dependent on specific environmental impact factors.Item Open Access Evaluation of “Design Loops” to Support the Design of Product Service Systems: A Case Study of a Helium Liquefier(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Maussang, N.; Zwolinski, P.; Brissaud, D.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabIn this paper a specific evaluation for the PSS during the early design phase is presented, taking into account: the scenarios that supports the definition of the architecture of the whole system and the interactions between the user and the system the performance of the considered system assess with specific PSS criteria (economical and environmental) Our proposition consists in the evaluation of the design loops that are constructed jointly with the scenarios describing activities and with the PSS architecture. This evaluation phase is part of a methodology that is being developed to design global and optimized PSS.Item Open Access A Framework for Cross Disciplinary Efforts in Services Research(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Wild, P. J.; Clarkson, P. J.; McFarlane, D. C.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabInterdisciplinary Services research programmes commonly entail an integrative goal, that is, to integrate theory & findings from the multiple disciplines involved. Services research has been frequently described as existing in silos, but little has been put forwards towards remedying this. This paper presents a framework for systematically relating different kinds of Services research by offering a set of sensitising concepts. Working from the view that services are consistently defined as activities, rather than objects or artefacts the concepts of the framework are drawn from Activity Modelling approaches, such as Task Analysis, Domain & Process modelling, & Soft Systems Methodology.Item Open Access Framework for the Integration of Service and Technology Strategies(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Jühling, E.; Torney, M.; Herrmann, C.; Dröder, K.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabAfter sales service is a highly profitable business for manufacturers of technology-driven products. Due to this fact competitors want to share in high profit margins. At the same time after sales business has to deal with an increasing range of variants of products and technologies, shorter life cycles and changing customer demands. In spite of these manifold challenges, often neither after sales departments are involved in the early product development stage nor are customer demands and technical parameters considered in the service development processes entirely. Therefore an integration of service and technology strategies is necessary. This paper presents a framework for this integration that visualises the complex interdependencies and interfaces between service as well as product and motor vehicle workshop technologies.Item Open Access Identifying Risk and its Impact on Contracting Through a Benefit Based-Model Framework in Business to Business contracting: Case of the defence industry(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Ng, I.; Yip, N.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabTwo defence contracts for availability are studied in the attempt to better understanding the provision of service in a maintenance, repair and overhaul environment that is contracted on the performance of the equipment, rather than merely providing equipment. The nature of the contract changes the dynamics of the delivery, bringing behavioural issues into the forefront, with both customer and firm focused on value cocreation, rather than each party’s contractual obligation. Our study provides a customer focused approach that exposes gaps in the way organizations approach their service provision in MRO. We argue that customer involvement and behavioural issues in the co-creation process has to be factored into the design and delivery of traditional MRO delivery systems. This paper uncovers four areas that pose risks to performance based contracts and are crucial in the design of services under such a contractual environment and provides a research agenda for future studies in this area.Item Open Access Industrial Services Reference Model(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Gerosa, M.; Taisch, M.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabThe need to integrate service providers into an existing customer supply chain requires the collective know-how of the coordination mode, including the ability to synchronize interdependent processes, to integrate information systems and to cope with distributed learning. About this topic the EU-funded InCoCo-S project is developing a new standard business reference model with key focus on operation & integration of business related services in supply chains. Based on the requirement analysis concrete business processes have been developed to integrate services in the existing customer supply chain both on a strategic and operational level.Item Open Access An Infodynamic Engine Approach to Improving the Efficiency of Information Flow in a Product-Service System(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Durugbo, Christopher; Tiwari, Ashutosh; Alcock, Jeffrey R.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabIn this paper, literature was used to identify and present a worked example of the use of an Infodynamic engine. It shows that: (a) Product-Service System (PSS) information flows can be characterised by such an engine; (b) the engine can measure the efficiency of information flow in a PSS; (c) the engine can be used as a tool to make recommendations about improvements in information flow efficiency in a PSS.Item Open Access Innovative Service-Based Business Concepts for the Machine Tool Building Industry(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Biege, S.; Copani, G.; Lay, G.; Marvulli, S.; Schröter, M.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabDuring the last decade, machine tool building companies have been forced to put innovative offers on the market. Due to the technical features of their products and the prevailing organizational structures in this sector, especially product-service systems are a promising way of creating a unique selling point. In this paper, potential new business concepts for machine tool builders will be presented which aim at fulfilling basic customer needs like the increase in quality, flexibility, productivity and the reduction of lead times, costs and risks. For the implementation of these product-service systems, practical examples are given.