The circularity of product-service systems: the role of macro-, meso- and micro-level contextual factors

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dc.contributor.authorKuhl, Carl-Christian
dc.contributor.authorSkipworth, Heather
dc.contributor.authorBourlakis, Michael
dc.contributor.authorAktas, Emel
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-31T15:19:17Z
dc.date.available2022-08-31T15:19:17Z
dc.date.issued2022-08-23
dc.description.abstractPurpose: This paper aims to examine the relationships between macro-, meso-, and microlevel contextual factors that enable or inhibit the contribution of Product Service Systems (PSS) to circularity. It is informed by the Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV) and the multi-level perspective as theoretical lenses. Design/methodology/approach: A theory elaboration approach is used through three in-depth case studies of UK and German manufacturers. Case studies provide use- and result-oriented PSS for personal computers, power tools, and wind turbines. Multiple sources of evidence, including 20 semi-structured interviews, company documents, and quantitative data, are triangulated to improve the validity of the results. Findings: Empirical evidence for relationships between macro-, meso-, and micro-level contextual factors show significant barriers to the extending and cycling of resource loops, primarily through maintenance, repairs, and refurbishment. A firm’s environmental awareness has a determining role in the contribution of PSS to circularity. The evidence from two use-oriented PSS reveals different circularity maturity levels. Originality: This research makes three key contributions. Firstly, it elaborates on NRBV by showing that a firm’s environmental awareness determines product stewardship. The type of product stewardship practices depends on the enabling and inhibiting effects of macro- and meso-level factors. Secondly, it shows that use-oriented PSS have different circularity profiles and proposes three circularity maturity levels. Finally, it provides an empirically validated framework of macro-, meso-, and micro-level enablers and barriers and how they interact to enable or inhibit circularity in PSS.en_UK
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Union funding: Horizon 2020 grant number 721909.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationKühl C, Skipworth HD, Bourlakis M, Aktas E. (2023) The circularity of product-service systems: the role of macro-, meso- and micro-level contextual factors, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, Volume 43, Issue 4, March 2023, pp. 619-650en_UK
dc.identifier.eissn1758-6593
dc.identifier.issn0144-3577
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-01-2022-0055
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/18391
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherEmeralden_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/*
dc.subjectCircular economyen_UK
dc.subjectproduct-service systemen_UK
dc.subjectcircular business modelen_UK
dc.subjectservitisationen_UK
dc.subjectmulti-level perspectiveen_UK
dc.titleThe circularity of product-service systems: the role of macro-, meso- and micro-level contextual factorsen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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