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Item Open Access Exploring the role of additive manufacturing in the prosthetic supply chain: qualitative evidence(Emerald, 2024) Al-Masa’fah, Wasan; Abushaikha, Ismail; Bwaliez, Omar M.Purpose This study aims to evaluate the enhancement in prosthetic supply chain capabilities resulting from the implementation of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. The study presents an emerging model outlining the key areas that undergo changes when integrating 3D printing technologies into the prosthetic supply chain. Design/methodology/approach Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through field observations and 31 in-depth interviews conducted within various Jordanian organizations associated with the prosthetic industry and 3D printing technologies. Findings The findings suggest that the adoption of 3D printing technologies improves the prosthetic supply chain’s capabilities in terms of customization, responsiveness, innovation, environmental sustainability, cost minimization and patient empowerment. The study sheds light on the specific areas affected in the prosthetic supply chain following the adoption of 3D printing technologies, emphasizing the overall improvement in supply chain capabilities within the prosthetic industry. Practical implications This study provides recommendations for governmental bodies and prosthetic organizations to maximize the benefits derived from the use of 3D printing technologies. Originality/value This study contributes as the first of its kind in exploring the impact of 3D printing technology adoption in the Jordanian prosthetic industry, elucidating the effects on the supply chain and identifying challenges for decision-makers in an emerging market context.Item Embargo Can we increase the granularity in understanding global value chains? an integration of academic and practice perspectives to enhance future developments(Inderscience Publishers, 2024) Prataviera, Lorenzo Bruno; Bosio, Davide; Koliousis, IoannisValue chains are increasingly fragmented globally, and companies and governments struggle with understanding where value is added. Both scholars and practitioners developed models, but recent challenges are calling for original approaches to develop instruments to map and evaluate global value chains (GVCs) footprint. We carried out a structured literature review (SLR) to summarise the existing academic knowledge about GVCs mapping and also examined the related practitioners’ materials. We then investigated what data sources are currently available to collect data about global trade flows, and involved practitioners in the discussion to collect insights that could improve the current understanding. We aim at offering guidance in this process, highlighting what future directions should be pursued to increase the models’ descriptive and explanatory power. For example, customs data is largely available. Original models could be developed, and GVCs could be studied leveraging rich and granular customs data rather than traditional macro-economic data.Item Open Access The roles of directors from related industries on enterprise innovation(MDPI, 2024-08-14) Liang, Wen; Song, Simiao; Xie, Ying; Liu, SanhongTo remain agile in response to market dynamics, foster innovation, and effectively manage potential risks, companies draw upon information from both their upstream and downstream sup-ply chain collaborators to enhance their core competitiveness. This research, conducted on A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2021, empirically investigates the influence of directors from upstream or downstream supply chain collaborators, referred to as Directors from Related Industries (DRIs), on corporate innovation activities. This study reveals that DRIs significantly boost the innovation activities of enterprises, irrespective of their position within the operational structure. When there is considerable information asymmetry in the related industries of the industry chain, the impact of DRIs on enterprise innovation is evident in both input and output aspects. Conversely, when management has serious concerns about their career, the impact is primarily on the input side. This underscores the role of DRIs in providing relevant information about upstream and downstream industries and alleviating management’s career anxieties, enhancing their effectiveness in consulting and supervising innovation. By examining the economic consequence, corporate innovation emerges as a potential mechanism through which industry chain directors can enhance corporate value. This research delves into the effects of DRIs on enterprise innovation, offering valuable theoretical and practical insights for advancing innovation within the context of value chain integration.Item Open Access The scarring effects of initial labor market conditions on South Korean nurses(Seoul National University, 2024-08-31) Saade, Ahmed; Alexiou, Constantinos; Belghitar, YacineUsing a longitudinal dataset spanning the period 2000-2020, and an identification strategy based on instrumental variables, we examine the existence of scarring in the context of the Korean nursing profession. We find that the prevailing unemployment rate at time of graduation has negative effects on nurses’ wages that remain highly significant up to 6 years after joining the labor market, while working hours are positively scarred for up to 10 years. We also estimate a series of happiness equations to understand nurses’ experiences after joining the labor market, and find that a higher unemployment rate at time of graduation is associated with feelings of worse financial conditions, less happy lives, and lower income satisfaction.Item Open Access Boundary work in CVC: how boundary work enables the strategic use of CVC to create and unlock value(Academy of Management, 2024-08-01) Carlson, Ezra; Safavi, MehdiIn this article, we build on and contribute to the literature on Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) through the lens of Boundary Work Theory. Analyzing interview data from several successful CVCs, we uncover boundary works (micro-strategies) taking place at and through organizational boundaries that enable collaboration amongst CVC stakeholders and balance competitive and collaborative forces within and across the organizational boundaries. CVCs are more complex than traditional institutional venture capitals (VCs) as they seek to maximize both strategic and financial returns. While extant research has shown that the strategic use of CVC creates value for the parent firm, none have explored how successful CVCs do this at and through the boundaries amongst different parties involved. We identify two overarching mechanisms, one at the boundaries that enable collaboration and the other through the boundaries that simultaneously bring certain CVC activities together whilst keeping others apart to enable collective action. Our findings portray a process model comprised of eleven micro-strategies that successful CVCs use to create and unlock value.Item Open Access Organizing complexity: an inductive inquiry into algorithmic routines expansion(Academy of Management, 2024-08-01) Timmer, Verena; Safavi, MehdiRoutine expansion is undertheorized—we know little about how, through the expansion of the space of possible paths, routines transition in a situation of ever-increasing complexity. Using data from 6 years of participant observation and drawing insights from recent advances in process and practice research, as well as routine dynamics studies, we propose new insights on how routines expand while remain functional. Charting the transitional phases of an algorithmic routine that is undergoing a significant expansion, we describe four major biographical moments of our algorithmic routine(s) and explicate three transitional cycles between these biographical moments that enable us to develop a theoretical model for organising increasing level of complexity in algorithmic routines expansion. We make three main contributions to the extant body of research. First, as an early and revelatory study of routines expansion, we show how through expansion and contraction mechanisms, routine participants keep the routine(s) in-balance and functional, despite the ever-increasing complexity. Second, we extend research on standardization and flexibility by showing how actors purposefully limit variations in performances through not only their background knowing but also the capability to fully detach from the routine and shift to a more analytic reflection. Third, we contribute to research on routine interdependence and integration by showing how, through the design of performance objects, a single routine splits into three interdependent routines to control the space of possible paths in routine expansion.Item Open Access Geopolitical disruptions and supply chain structural ambidexterity(Emerald, 2024) Moradlou, Hamid; Skipworth, Heather; Bals, Lydia; Aktas, Emel; Roscoe, SamuelPurpose This paper seeks insights into how multinational enterprises restructure their global supply chains to manage the uncertainty caused by geopolitical disruptions. To answer this question, we investigate three significant geopolitical disruptions: Brexit, the US-China trade war and the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Design/methodology/approach The study uses an inductive theory-elaboration approach to build on Organisational Learning Theory and Dunning’s eclectic paradigm of international production. Twenty-nine expert interviews were conducted with senior supply chain executives across 14 multinational manufacturing firms. The analysis is validated by triangulating secondary data sources, including standard operating procedures, annual reports and organisational protocols. Findings We find that, when faced with significant geopolitical disruptions, companies develop and deploy supply chain structural ambidexterity in different ways. Specifically, during Covid-19, the US-China trade war and Brexit, companies developed and deployed three distinct types of supply chain structural ambidexterity through (1) partitioning internal subunits, (2) reconfiguring supplier networks and (3) creating parallel supply chains. Originality/value The findings contribute to Dunning’s eclectic paradigm by explaining how organisational ambidexterity is extended beyond firm boundaries and embedded in supply chains to mitigate uncertainty and gain exploration and exploitation benefits. During significant geopolitical disruptions, we find that managers make decisions in tight timeframes. Therefore, based on the transition time available, we propose three types of supply chain structural ambidexterity. We conclude with a managerial framework to assist firms in developing supply chain structural ambidexterity in response to geopolitical disruptions.Item Open Access Followers beat content: social media and the managers in initial coin offerings (ICOs)(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-07-22) Gartner, Johannes; Moro, AndreaOur research investigates the role of social media communication in amplifying high-quality information and its impact on the success of ICOs in achieving their soft cap. We analyzed data from 3,644 ICOs and the demographics of 1,987 CEOs, CFOs, and CTOs to compare their quality attributes against their number of social media followers. Our findings reveal that the most significant factors for reaching the soft cap are the number of followers and team size, while the competencies (education and skills) of the management team have a very marginal effect, even when enhanced through social media. This indicates that widespread social media signals can positively influence investor behavior without necessarily reducing information asymmetries regarding the quality of the team. We propose that this effect arises from the combination of minimal investment amounts and stimulated herding behavior among investors.Item Open Access Are prestigious directors mere attractive ornaments on the corporate Christmas tree?(Wiley, 2024-12) Khedar, Harsh; Agarwal, Vineet; Poshakwale, SunilUsing the UK’s unique institutional setting of Queen’s honours, we examine the influence of director prestige on both short-term and long-term firm performance. We find that the market reacts positively to the appointments of Prestigious Award-Winning Directors (PAWDs). Firms appointing PAWDs also show significantly improved long-term performance, and this performance change is higher when firms appoint PAWDs according to their needs. The evidence suggests that PAWDs make important contributions to the firm by providing effective monitoring, facilitating preferential access to resources, and offering legitimacy. We conclude that director prestige not only signals higher human and social capital but also incentivises effective monitoring of managerial decisions.Item Open Access Optimisation of the circular economy based on the resource circulation equation(MDPI, 2024-07-30) Liu, Sanhong; Xie, Ying; Liang, WenThe lack of effective evaluation methods and implementation guidelines has led to frequent obstacles in the process of circular economy in enterprises. The efficiency equation for resource circulation can effectively evaluate the efficiency of an enterprise’s circular economy resource circulation from three perspectives: input, circulation, and output. Additionally, it delves into each link to identify weak points, offering guidance for optimising the enterprise’s circular economy. Utilising a value flow analysis within the context of a circular economy, this paper evaluates circular economy efficiency using a resource circulation efficiency equation. It conducts factor analysis across three dimensions: resource input, resource circulation, and waste output. This analysis aims to evaluate the corresponding resource productivity, added value output rate, and environmental efficiency. Factor decomposition techniques were then employed to identify the underlying factors contributing to poor circular economy outcomes. Furthermore, based on the relationships among three resource circulation indicators, this paper forecasts the potential advantages of integrating circular economy improvement measures and proposes practical optimisation approaches. The enhanced resource circulation efficiency resulting from the proposed optimisation approaches was validated through a case study with an aluminium company.Item Embargo Multilateral development banks: contributions and challenges(Springer, 2024-07-01) Abor, Joshua Yindenaba; Subramanian, Lakshmy; Iddrisu, Khadijah; Nsor-Ambala, RandolphThis chapter examines the contributions of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) as well as discusses the challenges confronting them. MDBs obtain their funding from a variety of sources, including the global capital market, contributions and special donations from members, proceeds from the issue of bonds and partnerships, etc., which aid in their ability to fund their activities. Their main operations include the provision of financing, the creation of knowledge products, and serving as a significant source of data collection and analysis, which results in the improvement of policy and the generation of ideas for efficient policy planning and execution. Their contributions include providing a steady source of funding, aiding middle-income nations, meeting a range of development needs, and providing a variety of complementary comparative advantages. However, the severity and regularity of numerous crises have also created major difficulties for MDBs, including resource competition, increase in ad hoc funding decisions, funding vulnerabilities, proliferation of MDB alternatives, and geographical distribution of power. In order to align national and global requirements, it is crucial to revamp the financing patterns of multilateral activities. This can be achieved through the implementation of innovative financial and policy incentives, meticulous evaluation of multilateral funding decisions, enhanced data collection mechanisms, and a more effective prioritisation of multilateral activities.Item Open Access Innovators and Transformers Revisiting the gap between academia and practice: insights from the green logistics phenomenon(Emerald, 2024-07-08) Jazairy, Amer; Pohjosenperä, Timo; Prataviera, Lorenzo Bruno; Juntunen, JouniPurpose Logistics and supply chain management (L&SCM) scholars and practitioners have devoted extensive efforts to advancing green logistics practices (GLPs), yet the intersection between the two domains in relation to the topic remains underexplored. To accelerate GLPs’ development amid the escalating climate crisis, this research examines this intersection by comparing the responsiveness of academia and practice to the call for green logistics over time. Design/methodology/approach To compare between academia and practice, we combined a systematic literature review on the development of GLPs in L&SCM journals (N = 122) with a content analysis of annual and sustainability reports published by the four major global logistics service providers (LSPs: DHL, DB Schenker, UPS and FedEx; N = 156) over the past three decades. Findings This research reveals that all the GLPs covered in the L&SCM literature have already been applied and reported by practitioners, both consistently and over a significant period of time. Academic progress, in turn, is delayed by slow-paced empirical methods, elevated research quality standards, prolonged funding and recruitment processes, and extended peer-review intervals. Further, a tendency toward reactive knowledge creation rather than proactive knowledge transfer is evident, obscuring the role of L&SCM scholars in steering the industry’s green advancement. Practical implications Recommendations are offered to L&SCM authors, editors, reviewers and university departments to advance pracademic endeavors in green logistics research and increase its responsiveness to global events. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to scrutinize the intersection between academia and practice on the evolution of GLPs. The revealed gaps prompted us to suggest a transformative paradigm for academia-practice collaborations targeting the L&SCM discipline at large, combining a bold proactive research stream aimed at knowledge transfer with a more traditional reactive stream aimed at knowledge creation.Item Open Access Engagement logics: How partners for sustainability-oriented innovation manage differences between organizational logics(Wiley, 2024-07-23) Watson, Rosina; Wilson, Hugh N.; Macdonald, Emma K.Innovation partnerships frequently experience tensions due to differences in partners' organizational logics. The literature recommends that partners adopt collaborative, empathetic mindsets but even so, tensions can threaten outcomes and partnership continuation. Difficulties can be exacerbated when firms engage stakeholder organizations in sustainability-oriented innovation projects, where each partner is seeking their own combination of social, environmental, and economic objectives. This study explores strategic responses to these differences in logics through eight case studies of sustainability-oriented innovation engagements between a focal business and an external organization. The key finding is that partners can respond to their differing logics by shaping a new “engagement logic” that guides members of both (or all) organizations. A logic frame with four value-related dimensions—value salience, instrumentality, temporality, and language—allows a subtly idiosyncratic engagement logic to be created that is acceptable to both parties. This classification of ingredients of a logic frame forms a wider contribution to the institutional-logics literature. A complementary range of logic practices is identified, covering logic emergence, logic enactment, and boundary defining. The engagement logic aids the partnership by contributing to four partnership-level generative outcomes: partnership commitment, capability integration, scope flexibility, and system orientation. A notable finding is the presence of a logic boundary, specified in work, time, and space, enabling the engagement logic to co-exist with organizational logics; a research direction is whether this boundary also exists in logics at organizational and field levels. The study shows partnerships to be a new context within which novel logics can emerge, contributing to an understanding of how logics evolve.Item Open Access The role of social capital in project managers’ responses to complexities(European Academy of Management (EURAM), 2024-06-28) Turner, Neil; Maylor, Harvey; Swart, Juani; Prieto Pastor, Isabel; Cruz, NataliaSocial capital has been demonstrated to be an important commodity for managers in project-based operations. This paper examines the role of social capital in the work of 36 managers from three engineering firms, using qualitative case data. We ask the research question ‘How is Social Capital used by Project Managers in responding to complexities?’ We derive an improved understanding of how social capital is used in responding to their context. To do this, we draw on two established bodies of work. First, we use the lived experience of the complexity faced by the managers to describe the context. Secondly, we use social capital theory to examine what elements of social capital are employed in response. The interchange between these is initially framed with ‘contextual complexities’ as stimulus and the 'social capital employed’ as response. Our findings show the temporal dynamics of complexity, whereby responses are not isolated but dependent upon both recent experience and expectations of future events. We also show the importance of social relationships in developing valuable recursive patterns of interaction in the project context.Item Embargo Managing complex projects(CRC Press, 2024-08-21) Turner, Neil; Davis, Kate; Cantarelli, Chantal C.Complexity is an issue that affects all projects. Project managers know this, but it can be difficult to express the realities they face in a language that others can easily grasp. In this chapter we draw on research that identifies three different kinds of project complexity – structural, socio-political, and emergent, and look at practical response techniques to these. We offer a complexity framework to help managers deal with these challenges. We then show how this can be used both as a problem-solving tool, and also as a method to draw out lessons learned at gate reviews or at the completion of the work.Item Embargo Chapter 8: Fostering project social sustainability through stakeholder inclusion(Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024-07-09) Di Maddaloni, Francesco; Davis, KateIn project-based organizations, it is essential to respect the needs and expectations of different stakeholders. Sustainability and social outcomes have gained increasing importance, reflecting the demand for positive results in economic, social, and environmental areas. These results determine the actual value an organization contributes to its stakeholders. Aligning with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, organizations should prioritize sustainable economic growth, infrastructure, reduced urban inequalities, and partnerships in society. Neglecting social sustainability can lead to inequalities and suffering within local communities, posing reputational risks, particularly in complex projects. This chapter emphasizes the significance of stakeholder inclusion in project decision-making for better social sustainability. Project organizations should adopt a strategic and systematic approach, actively involving and harmonizing the interests of all stakeholders to achieve organizational goals and contribute to a cohesive and sustainable world.Item Open Access Work, private, self – towards an integrative framework of accountability: the case of low-status expatriates in precarious employment(Taylor & Francis, 2024-07-03) Haist, Joshua; Kurth, Philipp; Lau, Annica; Ritter, Monique; Hofmann, SamuelFelt accountability, the perceived expectation that one’s decisions and actions will be evaluated and rewarded or sanctioned, is a key driver of human behaviour and impacts work-related outcomes such as unethical behaviour and job satisfaction. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of low-status expatriates (LSEs), a vulnerable and neglected group, which is often employed under challenging working conditions in low-status occupations. In this paper, we explore how LSEs experience and manage accountabilities in their often-precarious working lives. We draw on 36 qualitative interviews with LSEs employed in Germany. The data were analysed using a directed content analysis method. Our findings highlight that while LSEs feel less accountable towards stakeholders within their organisation, they experience accountabilities from multiple stakeholders outside their organisation. We demonstrate that while LSEs consider work-related accountabilities, their key accountabilities are rooted in individuals’ private lives and can lead to higher degrees of accountability intensity. This study provides unique insights into the importance of private life accountabilities and how these intersect with accountabilities at work. We offer a revised framework of accountability that includes private life as an important dimension to enhance its applicability to LSEs.Item Open Access Narrative emotions and market crises(Taylor & Francis, 2024-06-30) Taffler, Richard J.; Agarwal, Vineet; Obring, MaximilianRobert Shiller highlights the role popular stories play in driving economic behavior and argues the need to analyze these scientifically. However, their impacts are difficult to measure directly and often conflict. We show the strength of such stories resides in the emotions they generate, and that the tenor and persuasiveness of financial narratives and their association with the market can be empirically quantified. Specifically, we textually analyze financial media reports to identify the different powerful investor emotions manifest during three recent extreme market periods, dot.com mania, the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, constructing original context-specific emotion word dictionaries for this purpose. We find investor emotions are associated with up to 52% of market returns and 67% of market uncertainty during these market crises, and provide general evidence that investor emotional dynamics may be time and context invariant.Item Open Access Exploring the determinants of career success after expatriation: a focus on job fit, career adaptability, and expatriate type(Taylor & Francis, 2024-06-30) Mello, Rodrigo; Suutari, Vesa; Dickmann, MichaelExpatriation significantly influences the career paths of individuals after their international work experience. This study draws on person-environment fit and career construction theories to examine the role of job fit, career adaptability, and expatriate type in shaping both objective and subjective career success. Our 2020 sample comprised 191 expatriates who had worked abroad four to five years prior. This group included both self-initiated and assigned expatriates, as well as repatriates and re-expatriates, providing a broader scope than is typical in expatriation studies. The research reveals that job fit, career adaptability, and expatriate type substantially affect career outcomes. It also identifies that the type of expatriate moderates the relationship between career adaptability and objective career success. Our work extends the applicability of person-environment fit theory and career construction theory within the complex landscape of expatriate careers. The investigation not only deepens our understanding of the factors driving career success post-expatriation but also provides valuable insights to aid the effective management of international careers.Item Open Access Navigating sustainability through institutional change: consolidating and expanding the debate(European Academy of Management, 2024-06-27) Chikwana, Josephine; Alinaghian, Leila; Razmdoost, KamranSustainability has become a crucial topic of discussion in both academia and practice. One perspective for understanding sustainability is through the lens of institutional change, which emphasises the need to transform norms, values, and practices to fully embrace sustainability. This review article contributes to the ongoing scholarly discourse by synthesising current literature at the intersection of institutional change and sustainability. Utilising a systematic approach, a total of 108 articles were analysed. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of the discourse and categorises existing knowledge into four key themes: triggers for change, change agents, methods for change, and resulting outcomes. This reveals the multifaceted nature of sustainability attainment through institutional change. Additionally, the review introduces four distinct institutional change models that explore change by considering the interaction between existing institutions and new sustainable institutions during the change process. This highlights the role of the existing institutional framework and the complexity of achieving sustainability. Finally, the review identifies research gaps and suggests future directions for further research in this field.