Browsing by Author "Skordos, Alex"
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Item Open Access A novel dielectric sensor for process monitoring of carbon fibre composites manufacture(Cranfield University, 2019-05-28 11:53) Tifkitsis, Konstantinos; Skordos, AlexFlow sensor validation: includes the lineal sensor results during RTM processing and comparison with visual monitoring data-Cure sensor: includes the Cure sensors results of isothermal runs of neat resin and VART and the comparison with existing models.Item Open Access An evaluation of large diameter through-thickness metallic pins in composites: dataset(Cranfield University, 2024-02-20 11:34) Neale, Geoffrey; Saaran, Vinodhen; Dahale, Monali; Skordos, AlexMechanical_Testing_Dataset: Tensile, compression and double canteliever beam experimental data mode_I_2mm_pin_job1.dat: Double canteliever beam simulation Marc input file. DCB_Simulation_output.xlsx: Double canteliever beam simulation results for load verses crack opening displacement.Item Open Access Characterisation of large diameter through-thickness metallic pins in composites(Cranfield University, 2022-09-29 14:53) Neale, Geoffrey; Saaran, Vinodhen; Dahale, Monali; Skordos, AlexPoster and extended abstract presented at the International Conference on Manufacturing of Advanced Composites (ICMAC 2022)Item Open Access Data for the paper "Stochastic multi-objective optimisation of the cure process of thick laminates"(Cranfield University, 2018-07-31 15:58) Tifkitsis, Konstantinos; Struzziero, Giacomo; Skordos, AlexSurrogate_model_validation.xlsx includes the data corresponding to the comparison between FE and surrogate model (responses surfaces, PDF of model error, stochastic simulation)-Uncertainty_quantification_results.xlsx includes the results of uncertainty quantification of convection coefficient and tool temperature.-Stochastic_optimisation_results.xlsx includes the stochastic and deterministic Pareto points of stochastic and deterministic optimisation respectively.-Sensitivity_analysis_results.xlsx includes the data corresponding to the sensitivity analysis of standard and optimal profiles.-flat_panel_15.6mm.dat : Marc input corresponding to Cure model of this study-usub.f: contains all the subroutines for material properties and boundary conditionsItem Open Access 'Data sheet of nanocomposites with F/N-doped ZnO'(Cranfield University, 2024-02-20 13:07) Chen, Shuyang; Skordos, Alex; Kumar Thakur, VijayThe dataset for this research comprises the measurement results for pristine PVDF and PVDF-ZnO nanocomposites with and without fluorine/nitrogen doping. For TGA, DSC and XRD results each file contains the relevant data per experimental technique. Within each file worksheets correspond to the different materials. The column headers specify the variables and their associated units. For dielectric tests, the data is organised in separate files for permittivity, loss and imaginary modulus. The data are organised in worksheets by material in 2D arrays. The rows correspond to spectra at different measured temperatures and the columns to fixed frequency data. The materials nomenclature is as follows: -PVDF: pure PVDF -PVDF+5% ZnO: PVDF with 5% ZnO by weight -PVDF+10% ZnO: PVDF with 10% ZnO by weight -PVDF+15% ZnO: PVDF with 15% ZnO by weight -PVDF+5% F-ZnO: PVDF with 5% Fluorine doped (10% molar fraction) ZnO by weight -PVDF+10% F-ZnO: PVDF with 10% Fluorine doped (10% molar fraction) ZnO by weight -PVDF+15% F-ZnO: PVDF with 15% Fluorine doped (10% molar fraction) ZnO by weight -PVDF+5% N-ZnO: PVDF with 5% Nitrogen doped (10% molar fraction) ZnO by weight-PVDF+10% N-ZnO: PVDF with 10% Nitrogen doped (10% molar fraction) ZnO by weight -PVDF+15% N-ZnO: PVDF with 15% Nitrogen doped (10% molar fraction) ZnO by weightItem Open Access Data supporting: 'In-process nip point temperature estimation in automated tape placement based on analytical solution and remote thermal measurements'(Cranfield University, 2022-08-31 15:50) Danezis, Anastasios; Skordos, Alex; Williams, DavidFE and 1D predictions comparison: nip point temperature estimates by the analytical scheme and FE model.Inverse solution data: tool surface temperatures before and after the addition of Gaussian noise, irradiance profile applied in FE model and its approximations using the inverse solution. Metallic and insulating tool material.Example application- power variation: contains the data of the virtual experiment generated by the FE model, and analytical scheme estimates for different scenarios.Item Open Access Data supporting: One-dimensional approximation of heat transfer in flashlamp-assisted automated tape placement(Cranfield University, 2023-02-20 11:37) Danezis, Anastasios; Skordos, Alex; Williams, DavidComparison 1D_2D: predictions of 1D and 2D methodologies for a wide range of processing rates, deposited material thickness and pulsing conditions. Data of computational effort for equivalent predictions are also included.Item Open Access Data: Cure kinetics, glass transition advancement and chemo-rheological modelling of an epoxy vitrimer based on disulphide metathesis: dataset(Cranfield University, 2023-10-18 08:39) Ifeanyi Anagwu, Festus; Skordos, AlexThe dataset consists of the results of cure kinetics, glass transition advancement, chemorheology and stress relaxation experiments for the DGEBA/4-APDS epoxy vitrimer. The heading of each column contains the quantity measured and the unit of measurement. The cure kinetics dataset (Cure-kinetics-dataset.xlsx) comprises time-temperature profiles and degrees of cure attained as well as the associated reaction rate data for 4 dynamic DSC experiments (1.25°C/min, 2.5°C/min, 5°C/min and 10°C/min) and 7 isothermal DSC experiments (140°C, 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C and 200°C). Experimental results for each temperature and rate are presented in a separate spreadsheet. The chemorheology dataset (Chemorheology-dataset.xlsx) contains time, temperature and viscosity profile for 5 isothermal experiments (80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C and 120°C). Experimental results for each temperature are presented in a separate spreadsheet. The stress relaxation dataset (Stress-relaxation-dataset.xlsx) contains decay time, temperature, stress, strain and relaxation modulus obtained in 5 isothermal experiments (180°C, 190°C, 200°C, 210°C and 220°C). Each spreadsheet represents an experiment at a particular temperature. The Tg advancement dataset (Tg-advancement-dataset.xlsx) contains time, temperature and heat flow profiles for 18 experiments carried out on partially cured samples. The data are organised in spreadsheets per DSC test; the thermal profile prior to the experiments is as follows: - Tg_1.25°C-min-220°C: DSC of uncured resin. - Tg_1.25°C-min-130°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 130°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-136°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 136°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-140°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 140°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-145°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 145°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-150°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 150°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-160°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 160°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-170°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 170°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-180°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 180°C. - Tg_1.25°C-min-190°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 1.25°C/min from -50°C to 190°C. - Tg_2.5°C-min-170°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 2.5°C/min from -50°C to 170°C. - Tg_5°C-min-170°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 5°C/min from -50°C to 170°C. - Tg_10°C-min-170°C: DSC of resin partially cured at 10°C/min from -50°C to 170°C. - Tg_iso10min_150°C: DSC of resin partially cured isothermally at 150°C for 10 minutes. - Tg_iso20min_150°C: DSC of resin partially cured isothermally at 150°C for 20 minutes. - Tg_iso30min_150°C: DSC of resin partially cured isothermally at 150°C for 30 minutes. - Tg_iso40min_150°C: DSC of resin partially cured isothermally at 150°C for 40 minutes. - Tg_iso100min_150°C: DSC of resin partially cured isothermally at 150°C for 100 minutes (fully cured).Item Open Access Formulation based predictive cure kinetics modelling of epoxy resins: dataset(Cranfield University, 2021-11-02 15:19) Voto, Gabriele; Sequeira, Leela; Skordos, Alex01.Binary blends.xlsm - it contains the integrated DSC data (i.e. time, temperature, conversion degree and reaction rate) and corresponding data resulting from the application of an autocatalytic model for all binary blends assessed across one dynamic and two isothermal profiles; it also includes the reaction rate errors between experiment and prediction. 02.Ternary blends.xlsm - it contains the integrated DSC data (i.e. time, temperature, conversion degree and reaction rate) and corresponding data resulting from the application of the Formulation Ratio Superposition (FRS) for all ternary blends assessed across one dynamic and two isothermal profiles; it also includes the reaction rate errors between experiment and prediction in columns labelled 'Rate error across wider dataset' which report reaction rate for a greater sampling rate.Item Open Access Heat transfer modelling of flashlamp heating for automated tape placement of thermoplastic composites(Cranfield University, 2021-03-22 15:37) Danezis, Anastasios; Williams, David; Edwards, Michael; Skordos, AlexHeat transfer model validation: contains the experimental temperature data captured during the manufacture of AS4/PEEK composites and the corresponding model predictions.Irradiance profiles: contains the optical model predictions for the configuration used in the study and the data after the application of smoothing algorithm.Thermal model 2D geo: the geometry of the heat transfer model.Bulk profiles: contains the bulk profiles as predicted by the thermal model for the 25, 50, 100 Hz pulsed cases and continuous operation.Item Open Access Insertion of large diameter through-thickness metallic pins in composites: dataset(Cranfield University, 2022-03-16 09:16) Neale, Geoffrey; Skordos, AlexForce vs Displacement Data.xlsx - Contains all the raw force versus displacement data for the insertion tests carried out in the associated publication.Thermal Ageing Analysis.xlsx - Contains the DSC data (time, temperature, rev heat capacity and rev heat flow) for Bx180-220 prepreg under ageing regimes in the associated publication.Item Open Access Lightning strike and delamination performance of metal tufted carbon composites(Cranfield University, 2018-11-08 08:47) Skordos, Alex; Lombetti, DiegoThe set contains the following files:R-curves: This file contains the interpolated test results (crack length & crack energy release rate) of the unreinforced, steel tufted and copper tufted materials. Force displacement: This file contains the one characteristic force-displacement curve for the unreinforced, steel tufted and copper tufted materials. Lightning_Strike_Damage: This file presents the lightning strike tests results (internal and surface damage) of the unreinforced, steel tufted and copper tufted materials. Damage_Squares: This file contains the C-scan results along images of the panels after lightning strike tests and shows the procedure followed to determine the internal and surface damage size of the unreinforced, steel tufted and copper tufted materials by overlaying the damage with squares of known size.Item Open Access Material characterisation of large diameter through thickness reinforcing pins in composites(Cranfield University, 2022-09-29 14:57) Saaran, Vinodhen; Neale, Geoffrey; Skordos, AlexMSc individual research project poster (2021-2022) on large metallic through-thickness reinforcing pins in compsosites presented by Vinodhen Saraan. Presents an experimental characterisation of the pinned material behaviour.Item Open Access Materials modelling and process simulation of the pultrusion of curved parts(Cranfield University, 2021-02-12 15:40) Struzziero, Giacomo; Maistros, George; Hartley, John; Skordos, AlexThis dataset comprises experimental data and finite element/control volume models reported in the paper titled ‘Materials modelling and process simulation of the pultrusion of curved parts’ published in Composite Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing (2021). There are four files: Excel workbook Material_Characterisation.xlsx contains Viscosity, Modulus, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and Chemical Shrinkage data organised in four separate spreadsheets. File Curved_pultrusion_stage2_job.dat is the analysis deck of the stage 2 curved pultrusion thermo-mechanical model of the T cross section stiffener for finite element solver MSC.Marc.File Pre_former_stage1.dtf is the PAMRTM model setup file for stage 1 pultrusion simulation of the T cross section stiffener. File Pre_former_stage1.unv is the mesh information PAMRTM file for stage 1 pultrusion simulation of the T cross section stiffener.Item Open Access Measurement of thermal conductivity of epoxy resins during cure(Cranfield University, 2018-07-12 08:45) Skordos, Alex; Struzziero, Giacomo; Remy, BereniceThermal_conductivity_glycerine: Experimental and FE data of the thermal conductivity test run on glycerine at 100 degC and 4 degC. Includes also the sensitivity analysis of the measurement on thermocouple misplacement. - -RTM6_cure_kinetics_results: Includes the isothermal and dynamic data for the RTM6 cure kinetics characterisation and the corresponding model. It also includes the sensitivity analysis on period and amplitude influence for RTM6 - - 890RTM_cure_kinetics_results: Includes the isothermal and dynamic data for the 890RTM cure kinetics characterisation and the corresponding model. It also includes the sensitivity analysis on period and amplitude influence for 890RTM - - XU3508_cure_kinetics_results: Includes the isothermal and dynamic data for the XU3508 cure kinetics characterisation and the corresponding model. - -Di Benedetto_XU3508: Includes the dataused to build the Di Benedetto equation for the XU3508 resin system and the corresponding model - - Cp_density_conductivity_data: Includes the Cp data and model, the density and the thermal conductivity data for the three resin systems under investigation: RTM6, 890RTM and XU3508 - -Thermal_conductivity_model: Includes the data from the thermal conductivity tests for the three resin system and the fitting of the experimental data with the analytical model.Item Open Access Multi-objective optimisation of Resin Infusion(Cranfield University, 2019-01-14 16:52) Struzziero, Giacomo; Skordos, AlexExhaustive_analysis.xlsx: -‘Exhaustive’ sheet: All the data gathered during the exhaustive search are reported. Column 1 to 8 report respectively the temperature of first and second dwell, duration of first dwell and ramp, convection coefficient, gatelocati on, filling time and maximum degree of cure. -‘Gate-T1’ sheet: Reports the data to plot the 3D landscape -‘T1-T2’ sheet: Reports the data to plot the 3D landscape Optimisation results.xlsx -‘Results’ sheet: Reports the 13 generations the GA requires to converge to a final optimal Pareto front. Column 1 to 9 report respectively the generation number, temperature of first and second dwell, duration of first dwell and ramp, gate location, convection coefficient, filling time and maximum degree of cure. -‘Details of individuals’ sheet: Reports the detailed analysis f the different strategies of solutions belonging to different region of the Pareto. Regions_analysis.xlsx -‘Horizontal_flow_front_data’ sheet: Reports the compact data for the Temperature, viscosity and degree of cure evolution for an horizontal region solution -‘Viscosity_horizontal_region’ sheet: Reports the viscosity evolution for different nodes in the model for an horizontal region solution -‘Degree cure_horizontal_region’ sheet: Reports the degree of cure envelope for an horizontal solution ‘Temperature_horizontal region’ sheet: Reports the temperature evolution for different nodes in the model for an horizontal region solution -‘Model_verification’ sheet: reports the analytical viscosity model implementation ‘Vertical_flow front_data’ sheet: Reports the compact data for the Temperature, viscosity and degree of cure evolution for a vertical region solution -‘Degree_cure_vertical_region’ sheet: Reports the degree of cure envelope for a vertical solution region -‘Temperature_vertical_region’ sheet: Reports the temperature evolution for different nodes in the model for a vertical region solution -‘Viscosity_vertical_region’ sheet: Reports the viscosity evolution for different nodes in the model for a vertical region solution -‘Standard_flow_front_data’ sheet: Reports the compact data for the Temperature, viscosity and degree of cure evolution for the standard solution -‘Deg_cure_standard’ sheet: Reports the degree of cure envelope for the standard solution ‘-Temperature_data_standard’ sheet: Reports the temperature evolution for different nodes in the model for the standard solution -‘Viscosity_standard’ sheet: Reports the viscosity evolution for different nodes in the model for the standard solution -‘Plots’ sheet: plots summaryItem Open Access Multi-objective optimisation of the cure of thick components(Cranfield University, 2016-11-18 08:21) Struzziero, Giacomo; Skordos, AlexThe file-set contains the following files:-Flatpanel_24mm.dat: A Marc input file used as template for the optimisation methodology-Usub.f: Contains the subroutines implemented to modify the input file at each optimisation iteration-Exhaustive_search.xlsx: Contains the data of the comparison between the GA and exhaustive search final Pareto fronts. Columns contain temperature of first and second dwell, duration of first dwell, ramp rate, process time and overshoot temperature for the exhaustive case whilst in column H and I the process time and overshoot temperature of the GA Pareto are reported.-Flat_panel_results.xlsx: The spreadsheet contains: optimisation of flat panel 24 and 60 mm case, optimisation of flat panel 60 mm with 30 and 100 W/m^2 K convection coefficient and optimisation of flat panel 24 mm with 30 and 100 W/m^2 K convection coefficient. In each sheet columns contain the generation number, the optimisation parameters, process time and temperature overshoot.-L_shape_results.xlsx: The spreadsheet contains optimisation of the L-shape for the 24 and 60 mm case. In each sheet columns contain the generation number, the optimisation parameters, process time and temperature overshoot. -T_joint_results.xlsx: The spreadsheet contains optimisation of the T-joint for the 24 and 60 mm case. In each sheet columns contain the generation number, the optimisation parameters, process time and temperature overshoot.-L_shape_24mm_corner_point.xlsx: Containsthe detailed analysis of a corner point optimisation solution for the L-shape 24 mm. Columns contain time, temperature, degree of cure and reaction rate values at different increments for different nodes through thickness.-L_shape_24mm_standard_point.xlsx: Containsthe detailed analysis of the standard point solution for the L-shape 24 mm. Columns contain time, temperature, degree of cure and reaction rate values at different increments for different nodes through thickness.-L_shape_24mm_horizontal_point.xlsx: Containsthe detailed analysis of a corner point optimisation solution for the L-shape 24 mm. Columns contain time, temperature, degree of cure and reaction rate values at different increments for different nodes through thickness.Item Open Access On line optimisation and active control of the cure process of thick composite laminates(Cranfield University, 2023-01-20 14:11) Tifkitsis, Konstantinos; Skordos, AlexThe dataset comprises experimental data, and modelling and simulation results reported in the paper titled ‘On line optimisation and active control of the cure process of thick composite laminates’ published in Journal of Manufacturing Processes (2023). The dataset is organised into 5 files: -‘Kinetics-DSC.xlsx’ contains the experimental DSC curves, after integration for the calculation of degree of cure evolution, and the corresponding cure kinetics modelling results. The file ia organised in two worksheets - ‘Dynamic’ reports the results of the one dynamic cure experiment and ‘Isothermal’ reports the results of the four isothermal experiments used in the analysis. -‘Tg-MDSC.xlsx’ contains the MDSC specific heat capacity measurements and the corresponding model results for three isothermal experiments in worksheet ‘Specific heat capacity’ and the glass transition temperature values measured for partially cured samples alongside the corresponding glass transistor temperature evolution model in worksheet ‘Tg.’ -‘FE model validation.xlsx’ contains the cure simulation validation trial results using a flat panel. The results are organised into two worksheets – ‘Temperature’ reports the experimental and simulation temperature as a function of time for 3 locations in the component and ‘Degree of cure’ the corresponding degree of cure results. -‘Cable cure.xlsx’ reports the results of the active control trial for the cure of a cable. Worksheet ‘Active control trial’ reports the setpoint evolution and the surface and centre temperatures measured, alongside the corresponding degree of cure and glass transition evolution. Worksheet ‘Standard profile simulation’ reports the simulation results for the nominal cure profile. -Multi objective optimisation.xlsx presents the Pareto (temperature overshoot versus cure time) front obtained from offline optimisation for a two-cure dwell profile using an exhaustive search alongside the values of cure time and temperature overshoot for the nominal cure profile and the actively controlled process.Item Open Access 'Optimisation of an in-process lineal dielectric sensor for liquid moulding of carbon fibre composites'(Cranfield University, 2020-11-04 09:22) Mesogitis, Tassos; Asareh, Mehdi; Skordos, Alex; Maistros, George; Lira, ChristianData: -RTM experiment - 4 bar clamping pressure.xlsx Excel spreadsheet containing the impedance/admittance signals and corresponding covered length for the the PI-LD lineal sensor alongside the visual flow front measurements using video for the 4 bar clamping pressure RTM trial -RTM experiment - 7 bar clamping pressure.xlsx Excel spreadsheet containing the impedance/admittance signals and corresponding covered length for the PI-LD and NyPU lineal sensor, the impedance signals for the PI-LD cure sensor, and the temperature evolution used for the kinetics/specific heat capacity evolution for the 6 bar clamping pressure RTM trial -Air sensor tests.xlsx Excel spreadsheet containing the impedance and admittance spectra of 3 PU sensors in air Models: -FLEXPDE sensor in air.dat FLEXPDE script for 2D FE complex electric field model of sensor in air -FLEXPDE sensor in resin.dat FLEXPDE script for 2D FE complex electric field model of sensor in resin Images: - Flow front mm_process time min.zip Compressed set of images used to identify the flow front position in the 4 bar clamping pressure RTM trial. Files are named to indicate the flow front position and process time. For example, file 150-1.70 is the image corresponding to a flow position of 150 mm at 1.70 min.Item Open Access Real time inverse solution of the composites cure heat transfer problem under uncertainty(Cranfield University, 2019-12-10 12:12) Skordos, Alex; Tifkitsis, Konstantinospanel_glass.f : subroutines representing material properties and boundary conditions.-panel_glass_3.3mm.dat: Marc input corresponding to the Cure model of this paper.-Process monitoring results.xlsx: Experimental data acquired by thermocouples.-surrogate model validation.xlsx: Response surfaces of surrogate and FE model.-MCMC results: Statistical properties estimation of unknown parameters with inversion procedure.-Real time probability estimation: Minimum final degree of Cure and Minimum glass transition temperature probability estimation during manufacturing process.