Unmanned air vehicle operational framework for public safety communications

The aviation and air mobility sector are experiencing a profound evolution, fuelled by swift technological progress and escalating requirements for effective, secure, and dependable airborne communication frameworks. The integration of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), such as drones, into commercial and logistical activities is revolutionizing traditional concepts of air mobility. Integrating the Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol into UAS communication networks enhances safety and reliability by preventing collisions. CSMA/CA allows UAS to sense the communication medium's availability before transmitting data, minimizing the risk of collisions and ensuring efficient data transmission, cru-cial for scenarios where safety is paramount. Sixth-Generation (6G) technology coupled with CSMA/CA protocol integration strengthens reliability and effectiveness in ensuring safe and efficient UAS operations. Simulation analysis using MATLAB helps understand signal quality and latency variations with distance from the UAV to the receiver, essential for safety communications analysis. Analyzing handover procedures is crucial for public safety, especially in scenarios where UAS encounter situations requiring a change from one base transceiver station (BTS) to another. Vertical handovers, particularly relevant in the context of evolving Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM) and Air Traffic Management (ATM) architectures, may become more prevalent due to the significant altitude variations inherent in UAS operations.