Biogas upgrading by chemical absorption using ammonia rich absorbents derived from wastewater

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dc.contributor.authorMcLeod, Andrew J.
dc.contributor.authorJefferson, Bruce
dc.contributor.authorMcAdam, Ewan J.
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-07T11:27:40Z
dc.date.available2016-06-07T11:27:40Z
dc.date.issued2014-09-18
dc.description.abstractThe use of ammonia (NH3) rich wastewaters as an ecological chemical absorption solvent for the selective extraction of carbon dioxide (CO2) during biogas upgrading to ‘biomethane’ has been studied. Aqueous ammonia absorbents of up to 10,000 gNH3 m−3 demonstrated CO2 absorption rates higher than recorded in the literature for packed columns using 20,000–80,000 g NH3 m−3 which can be ascribed to the process intensification provided by the hollow fibre membrane contactor used in this study to support absorption. Centrifuge return liquors (2325 g m−3 ionised ammonium, NH4+) and a regenerant (477 gNH4+ m−3) produced from a cationic ion exchanger used to harvest NH4+ from crude wastewater were also tested. Carbon dioxide fluxes measured for both wastewaters compared reasonably with analogue ammonia absorption solvents of equivalent NH3 concentration. Importantly, this demonstrates that ammonia rich wastewaters can facilitate chemically enhanced CO2 separation which eliminates the need for costly exogenic chemicals or complex chemical handling which are critical barriers to implementation of chemical absorption. When testing NH3 analogues, the potential to recover the reaction product ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) in crystalline form was also illustrated. This is significant as it suggests a new pathway for ammonia separation which avoids biological nitrification and produces ammonia stabilised into a commercially viable fertiliser (NH4HCO3). However, in real ammonia rich wastewaters, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate were preferentially formed over NH4HCO3 although it is proposed that NH4HCO3 can be preferentially formed by manipulating both ion exchange and absorbent chemistry.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationAndrew McLeod, Bruce Jefferson, Ewan J. McAdam, Biogas upgrading by chemical absorption using ammonia rich absorbents derived from wastewater, Water Research, Volume 67, 15 December 2014, Pages 175-186en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0043-1354
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.010
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9940
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherIWA Publishingen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0). You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. Information: Non-Commercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. No Derivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.en_UK
dc.subjectCarbon dioxide sequestrationen_UK
dc.subjectCrystallisationen_UK
dc.subjectGas/liquid contactoren_UK
dc.subjectChemical scrubbingen_UK
dc.titleBiogas upgrading by chemical absorption using ammonia rich absorbents derived from wastewateren_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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