Establishment of local wastewater-based surveillance programmes in response to the spread and infection of COVID-19 – case studies from South Africa, the Netherlands, Turkey and England

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dc.contributor.authorTlhagale, M.
dc.contributor.authorLiphadzi, S.
dc.contributor.authorBhagwan, J.
dc.contributor.authorNaidoo, V.
dc.contributor.authorJonas, K.
dc.contributor.authorvan Vuuren, L.
dc.contributor.authorMedema, Gertjan
dc.contributor.authorAndrews, L.
dc.contributor.authorBéen, F.
dc.contributor.authorLousada-Ferreira, Maria
dc.contributor.authorSaatci, Ahmet Mete
dc.contributor.authorAlpaslan Kocamemi, B.
dc.contributor.authorHassard, Francis
dc.contributor.authorSinger, Andrew C.
dc.contributor.authorBunce, J. T.
dc.contributor.authorGrimsley, J. M. S.
dc.contributor.authorBrown, M.
dc.contributor.authorJones, Davey L.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-10T10:42:05Z
dc.date.available2022-03-10T10:42:05Z
dc.date.issued2022-02-07
dc.description.abstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 340 million infection cases (as of 21 January 2022) and more than 5.57 million deaths globally. In reaction, science, technology and innovation communities across the globe have organised themselves to contribute to national responses to COVID-19 disease. A significant contribution has been from the establishment of wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance interventions and programmes for monitoring the spread of COVID-19 in at least 55 countries. Here, we examine and share experiences and lessons learnt in establishing such surveillance programmes. We use case studies to highlight testing methods and logistics considerations associated in scaling the implementing of such programmes in South Africa, the Netherlands, Turkey and England. The four countries were selected to represent different regions of the world and the perspective based on the considerable progress made in establishing and implementing their national WBE programmes. The selected countries also represent different climatic zones, economies, and development stages, which influence the implementation of national programmes of this nature and magnitude. In addition, the four countries' programmes offer good experiences and lessons learnt since they are systematic, and cover extensive areas, disseminate knowledge locally and internationally and partnered with authorities (government). The programmes also strengthened working relations and partnerships between and among local and global organisations. This paper shares these experiences and lessons to encourage others in the water and public health sectors on the benefits and value of WBE in tackling SARS-CoV-2 and related future circumstances.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationTlhagale M, Liphadzi S, Bhagwan J, et al., (2022) Establishment of local wastewater-based surveillance programmes in response to the spread and infection of COVID-19 – case studies from South Africa, the Netherlands, Turkey and England, Journal of Water and Health, Volume 20, Issue 2, February 2022, pp. 287-299en_UK
dc.identifier.issn1477-8920
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2022.185
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/17634
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherIWAen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectCOVID-19en_UK
dc.subjectpublic health surveillanceen_UK
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2en_UK
dc.subjectsewage surveillanceen_UK
dc.subjectwastewater-based epidemiologyen_UK
dc.subjectwastewater surveillanceen_UK
dc.titleEstablishment of local wastewater-based surveillance programmes in response to the spread and infection of COVID-19 – case studies from South Africa, the Netherlands, Turkey and Englanden_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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