Using source‐specific models to test the impact of sediment source classification on sediment fingerprinting

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dc.contributor.authorVercruysse, Kim
dc.contributor.authorGrabowski, Robert C.
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-10T09:41:41Z
dc.date.available2018-09-10T09:41:41Z
dc.date.issued2018-08-31
dc.description.abstractSediment fingerprinting estimates sediment source contributions directly from river sediment. Despite being fundamental to the interpretation of sediment fingerprinting results, the classification of sediment sources and its impact on the accuracy of source apportionment remain under‐investigated. This study assessed the impact of source classification on sediment fingerprinting based on Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometry (DRIFTS), using individual, source‐specific partial least squares regression (PLSR) models. The objectives were to (i) perform a model sensitivity analysis through systematically omitting sediment sources; and (ii) investigate how sediment source group discrimination and the importance of the groups as actual sources relate to variations in results. Within the Aire catchment (UK), five sediment sources were classified and sampled (n = 117): grassland topsoil in three lithological areas (limestone, millstone grit and coal measures), riverbanks, and street dust. Experimental mixtures (n = 54) of the sources were used to develop PLSR models between known quantities of a single source and DRIFTS spectra of the mixtures, which were applied to estimate source contributions from DRIFTS spectra of suspended (n = 200) and bed (n = 5) sediment samples. Dominant sediment sources were limestone topsoil (45 ± 12 %) and street dust (43 ± 10 %). Millstone and coals topsoil contributed on average 19 ± 13 % and 14 ± 10 %, and riverbanks 16 ± 18%. Due to the use of individual PLSR models, the sum of all contributions can deviate from 100%, thus a model sensitivity analysis assessed the impact and accuracy of source classification. Omitting less important sources (e.g. coals topsoil) did not change contributions of other sources, while omitting important, poorly‐discriminated sources (e.g. riverbank), increased contributions of all sources. In other words, variation in source classification substantially alters source apportionment depending on source discrimination and source importance. These results will guide development of procedures for evaluating the appropriate type and number of sediment sources in DRIFTS‐PLSR sediment fingerprinting.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationKim Vercruysse and Robert C. Grabowski. Using source‐specific models to test the impact of sediment source classification on sediment fingerprinting. Hydrological Processes, Volume 32, Issue 22, 30 October 2018, pp. 3402-3415en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0885-6087
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13269
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/13463
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherWileyen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/*
dc.subjectSediment tracingen_UK
dc.subjectsource identificationen_UK
dc.subjectDRIFTSen_UK
dc.subjectsensitivity analysisen_UK
dc.subjectdiscriminationen_UK
dc.subjectpartial least squares regressionen_UK
dc.subjectfine sedimenten_UK
dc.subjectsource apportionmenten_UK
dc.titleUsing source‐specific models to test the impact of sediment source classification on sediment fingerprintingen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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