Risk factors and transmission pathways associated with infant Campylobacter spp. prevalence and malnutrition: A formative study in rural Ethiopia

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorBudge, Sophie
dc.contributor.authorBarnett, Megan
dc.contributor.authorHutchings, Paul
dc.contributor.authorParker, Alison
dc.contributor.authorTyrrel, Sean F.
dc.contributor.authorHassard, Francis
dc.contributor.authorGarbutt, Camila
dc.contributor.authorMoges, Mathewos
dc.contributor.authorWoldemedhin, Fitsume
dc.contributor.authorJemal, Mohammedyasin
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-05T11:30:21Z
dc.date.available2020-08-05T11:30:21Z
dc.date.issued2020-05-08
dc.description.abstractEarly infection from enteropathogens is recognised as both a cause and effect of infant malnutrition. Specifically, evidence demonstrates associations between growth shortfalls and Campylobacter infection, endemic across low-income settings, with poultry a major source. Whilst improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) should reduce pathogen transmission, interventions show inconsistent effects on infant health. This cross-sectional, formative study aimed to understand relationships between infant Campylobacter prevalence, malnutrition and associated risk factors, including domestic animal husbandry practices, in rural Ethiopia. Thirty-five households were visited in Sidama zone, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ region. Infant and poultry faeces and domestic floor surfaces (total = 102) were analysed for presumptive Campylobacter spp. using selective culture. Infant anthropometry and diarrhoeal prevalence, WASH facilities and animal husbandry data were collected. Of the infants, 14.3% were wasted, 31.4% stunted and 31.4% had recent diarrhoea. Presumptive Campylobacter spp. was isolated from 48.6% of infant, 68.6% of poultry and 65.6% of floor surface samples. Compared to non-wasted infants, wasted infants had an increased odds ratio (OR) of 1.41 for a Campylobacter-positive stool and 1.81 for diarrhoea. Positive infant stools showed a significant relationship with wasting (p = 0.026) but not stunting. Significant risk factors for a positive stool included keeping animals inside (p = 0.027, OR 3.5), owning cattle (p = 0.018, OR 6.5) and positive poultry faeces (p<0.001, OR 1.34). Positive floor samples showed a significant correlation with positive infant (p = 0.023), and positive poultry (p = 0.013, OR 2.68) stools. Ownership of improved WASH facilities was not correlated with lower odds of positive stools. This formative study shows a high prevalence of infants positive for Campylobacter in households with free-range animals. Findings reaffirm contaminated floors as an important pathway to infant pathogen ingestion and suggest that simply upgrading household WASH facilities will not reduce infection without addressing the burden of contamination from animals, alongside adequate separation in the home.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationBudge S, Barnett M, Hutchings P, et al., (2020) Risk factors and transmission pathways associated with infant Campylobacter spp. prevalence and malnutrition: A formative study in rural Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, Volume 15, Issue 5, May 2020, Article number e0232541en_UK
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232541
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/15641
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherPLOS (Public Library of Science)en_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectAnimal husbandryen_UK
dc.subjectMalnutritionen_UK
dc.subjectEthiopiaen_UK
dc.subjectDomestic animalsen_UK
dc.subjectMedical risk factorsen_UK
dc.subjectDiarrheaen_UK
dc.subjectPoultryen_UK
dc.subjectCampylobacteren_UK
dc.titleRisk factors and transmission pathways associated with infant Campylobacter spp. prevalence and malnutrition: A formative study in rural Ethiopiaen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

Files

Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Risk_factors_and_transmission_pathways_associated_with_infant_Campylobacter-2020.pdf
Size:
1.27 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.63 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download

Collections

Staff publications (SWEE)