Controlling shell-side crystal nucleation in a gas-liquid membrane contactor for simultaneous ammonium bicarbonate recovery and biogas upgrading

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dc.contributor.authorMcLeod, Andrew J.
dc.contributor.authorAutin, Olivier
dc.contributor.authorJefferson, Bruce
dc.contributor.authorMcAdam, Ewan J.
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-08T15:48:30Z
dc.date.available2016-06-08T15:48:30Z
dc.date.issued2014-09-17
dc.description.abstractA gas–liquid hollow fibre membrane contactor (HFMC) process has been introduced for carbon dioxide (CO2) separation from biogas where aqueous ammonia (NH3) is used to chemically enhance CO2 absorption and initiate heterogeneous nucleation of the reaction product ammonium bicarbonate at the membrane–solvent interface. Aqueous ammonia absorbents (2–7 M) were initially used in single pass for CO2 separation from a synthetic biogas where nucleation of ammonium bicarbonate crystals was observed at the perimeter of the micropores. Recirculation of the aqueous ammonia absorbent encouraged the growth of ammonium bicarbonate crystals on the shell-side of the membrane that measured several microns in diameter. However, at high aqueous NH3 concentrations (3–7 M), lumen side crystallisation occurred and obstructed gas flow through the lumen of the HFMC. The suggested mechanism for lumen-side crystallisation was absorbent breakthrough into the lumen due to pore wetting which was promoted by low absorbent surface tension at high NH3 concentration. Preferential shell-side nucleation can therefore be promoted by (1) raising surface tension of the absorbent and (2) selection of a membrane with a more regulated pore shape than the PTFE membrane used (d/L 0.065) as both actions can diminish solvent ingress into the pore. This was evidenced using 2 M NH3 absorbent where shell-side crystallisation was evidenced without the onset of lumen side crystallisation. Raising surface tension through the inclusion of salt into the chemical absorbent also promoted greater CO2 flux stability. Importantly, this study demonstrates that chemically enhanced HFMC are an attractive prospect for gas–liquid separation applications where reaction product recovery offers further economic value.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationA. McLeod, P. Buzatu, O. Autin, B. Jefferson, E. McAdam, Controlling shell-side crystal nucleation in a gas–liquid membrane contactor for simultaneous ammonium bicarbonate recovery and biogas upgrading, Journal of Membrane Science, Volume 473, 1 January 2015, Pages 146-156en_UK
dc.identifier.cris4010497
dc.identifier.issn0376-7388
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.063
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9950
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0). You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. Information: Non-Commercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. No Derivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.en_UK
dc.rights“NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Membrane Science. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Membrane Science, VOL 473 (DATE)] DOI 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.063”en_UK
dc.subjectBiomethaneen_UK
dc.subjectMembrane crystallizeren_UK
dc.subjectChemical absorptionen_UK
dc.subjectCrystallisationen_UK
dc.titleControlling shell-side crystal nucleation in a gas-liquid membrane contactor for simultaneous ammonium bicarbonate recovery and biogas upgradingen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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