To gate or not to gate: revisiting drinking water microbial assessment through flow cytometry fingerprinting

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dc.contributor.authorClaveau, Leila
dc.contributor.authorHudson, N.
dc.contributor.authorJeffrey, Paul
dc.contributor.authorHassard, Francis
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-17T12:23:49Z
dc.date.available2024-01-17T12:23:49Z
dc.date.issued2023-12-12
dc.description.abstractFlow cytometry has been utilized for over a decade as a rapid and reproducible approach to assessing microbial quality of drinking water. However, the need for specialized expertise in gating—a fundamental strategy for distinguishing cell populations—introduces the potential for human error and obstructs the standardization of methods. This work conducts a comprehensive analysis of various gating approaches applied to flow cytometric scatter plots, using a dataset spanning a year. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to examine the impact of different gating strategies on final cell count results. The findings show that dynamic gating, which requires user intervention, is essential for the analysis of highly variable raw waters and distributed water. In contrast, static gating proved suitable for more stable water sources, interstage sample locations, and water presenting a particularly low cell count. Our conclusions suggest that cell count analysis should be supplemented with fluorescence fingerprinting to gain a more complete understanding of the variability in microbial populations within drinking water supplies. Establishing dynamic baselines for each water type in FCM monitoring studies is essential for choosing the correct gating strategy. FCM fingerprinting offers a dynamic approach to quantify treatment processes, enabling options for much better monitoring and control. This study offers new insights into the vagaries of various flow cytometry gating strategies, thereby substantially contributing to best practices in the water industry. The findings foster more efficient and reliable water analysis, improving of standardizing methods in microbial water quality assessment using FCM.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationClaveau L, Hudson N, Jeffrey P, Hassard F. (2024) To gate or not to gate: revisiting drinking water microbial assessment through flow cytometry fingerprinting. Science of The Total Environment, Volume 912, February 2024, Article number 169138en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169138
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/20660
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectFlow cytometryen_UK
dc.subjectDrinking wateren_UK
dc.subjectCell gatingen_UK
dc.subjectFluorescence fingerprintingen_UK
dc.subjectPublic healthen_UK
dc.titleTo gate or not to gate: revisiting drinking water microbial assessment through flow cytometry fingerprintingen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2023-12-04

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