Vasa Nervorum in rat major pelvic ganglion are innervated by nitrergic nerve fibers

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dc.contributor.authorBeetson, Karl A.
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Stephanie F.
dc.contributor.authorMunner, Asif
dc.contributor.authorCameron, Norman E.
dc.contributor.authorCotter, Mary A.
dc.contributor.authorCellek, Selim
dc.date.accessioned2016-09-01T14:18:35Z
dc.date.available2016-09-01T14:18:35Z
dc.date.issued2013-09-12
dc.description.abstractINTRODUCTION The vasa nervorum comprises a network of small diameter blood vessels that provide blood supply to nerves and ganglia. The cell bodies of autonomic nerves innervating the urogenital organs are housed in the major pelvic ganglia (MPG) in rats. The vasa nervorum of rat MPG have not been characterized previously, and it is not known whether these blood vessels are innervated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) containing nitrergic nerves. AIM To characterize the blood vessels in and around the rat MPG and to assess their nitrergic innervation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Characterization of small blood vessels in and around the rat MPG and expression of nNOS in nerve fibers around those blood vessels. METHODS MPG were obtained from healthy Sprague Dawley rats, fixed in paraformaldehyde, frozen and sectioned using a cryostat. The blood vessels and their nitrergic innervation were assessed with immunohistochemistry using antibodies against alpha-smooth muscle actin (smooth muscle marker), CD31 (endothelial marker), collagen IV (basal membrane marker) and nNOS. The immunofluorescence was imaged using a laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS The neuronal cell bodies were contained within a capsule in the MPG. Blood vessels were observed within the capsule of the MPG as well as outside the capsule. The blood vessels inside the capsule were CD31-positive capillaries with no smooth muscle staining. Outside the capsule capillaries, arterioles and venules were observed. The extra-capsular arterioles and venules, but not the capillaries were innervated by nNOS-positive nerve fibers. CONCLUSIONS This study, to our knowledge, is the first to demonstrate the blood vessel distribution pattern and their nitrergic innervation in the rat MPG. While similar studies in human pelvic plexus are warranted, these results suggest that the blood flow in the MPG may be regulated by nitrergic nerve fibers and reveal a reciprocal relationship between nerves and blood vessels. Beetson KA, Smith SF, Muneer A, Cameron NE, Cotter MA, and Cellek S. Vasa nervorum in rat major pelvic ganglion are innervated by nitrergic nerve fibers. J Sex Med **;**:**-**.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationBeetson, K. A. (2013) Vasa Nervorum in rat major pelvic ganglion are innervated by nitrergic nerve fibers, Vol. 10, Iss. 12, pp. 2967-2974en_UK
dc.identifier.issn1743-6095
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12313
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10480
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherWileyen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-Non-Commercial 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC 3.0) You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. Information: Non-Commercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. en_UK
dc.rightsPRE PRINT This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Beetson, K. A. (2013) Vasa Nervorum in rat major pelvic ganglion are innervated by nitrergic nerve fibers, Vol. 10, Iss. 12, pp. 2967-2974, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12313. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. http://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-828039.html#submitted en_UK
dc.subjectNitric oxideen_UK
dc.subjectAutonomicen_UK
dc.subjectnNOSen_UK
dc.subjectNitrergicen_UK
dc.subjectUrogenitalen_UK
dc.subjectErectile dysfunctionen_UK
dc.subjectLower urinary tract symptomsen_UK
dc.titleVasa Nervorum in rat major pelvic ganglion are innervated by nitrergic nerve fibersen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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