High performance thermosets with tailored properties derived from methacrylated eugenol and epoxy-based vinyl ester

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dc.contributor.authorZhang, Yuehong
dc.contributor.authorLi, Yuzhan
dc.contributor.authorKumar Thakur, Vijay
dc.contributor.authorGao, Zhenhua
dc.contributor.authorGu, Jiyou
dc.contributor.authorKessler, Michael R.
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-02T11:53:17Z
dc.date.available2018-02-02T11:53:17Z
dc.date.issued2018-01-31
dc.description.abstractA renewable chemical, eugenol, is methacrylated to produce methacrylated eugenol (ME) employing the Steglich esterification reaction without any solvent. The resulting ME is used as a low viscosity comonomer to replace styrene in a commercial epoxy-based vinyl ester resin (VE). The volatility and viscosity of ME and styrene are compared. The effect of ME loadings and temperatures on viscosity of the VE-ME resin is investigated. Moreover, the thermo-mechanical properties, curing extent, and thermal stability of the fully cured VE-ME thermosets are systematically examined. The results indicate that ME is a monomer with low volatility and low viscosity, and therefore the incorporation of ME monomer in VE resins allows significant reduction of viscosity. Moreover, viscosity of the VE-ME resin can be tailored by adjusting ME loadings and processing temperature to meet commercial liquid molding technology requirements. The glass transition temperatures of VE-ME thermosets range from 139 to 199 °C. In addition, more than 95% of the monomer is incorporated and fixed in the crosslinked network structure of VE-ME thermosets. Overall, the developed ME monomer exhibits promising potential to replace styrene as an effective low viscosity comonomer. The VE-ME resins show great advantages for use in polymer matrices for high performance fiber-reinforced composites. This work showed great significance to the vinyl ester industry by providing detailed experimental support.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationZhang Y, Li Y, Thakur VK, Gao Z, Gu J, Kessler MR. High performance thermosets with tailored properties derived from methacrylated eugenol and epoxy-based vinyl ester. Polymer International, Volume 67, Issue 5, May 2018, pp. 544-549en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0959-8103
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.5542
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12954
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherWileyen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/*
dc.subjectMethacrylated eugenol (ME)en_UK
dc.subjectComonomeren_UK
dc.subjectVinyl-ester (VE)en_UK
dc.subjectThermosetsen_UK
dc.subjectStyrene replacementen_UK
dc.titleHigh performance thermosets with tailored properties derived from methacrylated eugenol and epoxy-based vinyl esteren_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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