Non-enclosure methods for non-suspended microalgae cultivation: literature review and research needs

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dc.contributor.authorKatarzyna, Ledwoch
dc.contributor.authorGu, Sai
dc.contributor.authorAvijeet Singh, Oinam
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-25T11:54:49Z
dc.date.available2016-04-25T11:54:49Z
dc.date.issued2015-02-01
dc.description.abstractMicroalgae are getting more interests from industry and science communities. Applications of these small, unicellular microorganisms are countless: from fourth generation biofuels, through fish feed to pharmaceuticals. Ordinary methods of cultivation may be associated with many problems such as high costs, high energy consumption, and low product yield. It is difficult to control contaminations in open ponds while photobioreactors are mainly at laboratory scale and expensive to scale-up. Scientists are investigating various methods of microalgae cultivation and processing to overcome those problems. One of the novel approaches is the non-suspended method for microalgae culturing, where microalgae are grown on attached surfaces. Growing microalgae on surfaces is an attractive option and showing promising results. In comparison with ordinary suspended photobioreactors, the attached systems offer higher biomass yields, easy to scale-up with better light distribution within the reactor and better control of contamination. Moreover, the consumption of water can be drastically reduced. So far, there is not enough research for this method. Limited studies have been reported on enclosure mode of this approach with algae encapsulation into matrix. It is found that this mode would be difficult to scale up due to high costs of the enclosure material and difficulty of separating microalgae from matrix. Non-enclosure mode is more promising way of non-suspended cultivation. So far, no work has been carried out to conduct non-suspended culturing with the use of aeroterrestrial microalgae. They are species growing on the surfaces at highly humid environments. Using them in attached cultivation systems could potentially lower the water consumption to minimum. Studies have shown that the biomass of lower water content can be produced if compared to non-suspended cultivation methods. In addition, mechanization of the cultivation and harvesting processes would be less complex, as the product will not be immersed in the liquid. There would be no need for glass reactors, as lights can be placed in the spaces between surfaces. The light distribution is predicted to be the highest among all existing methods, as there would be no free floating particles absorbing and reflecting light. It will only need humid conditions, rich in CO2 between attachment surfaces. To evaluate potential advantages for non-suspended culturing of aeroterrestrial microalgae in non-enclosure way, proper experiments need to be conducted. In this review, basic concepts of attached cultivation system are discussed, focusing on the studies of biofilm formation including factors affecting deposition and systems. The detailed description of aeroterrestrial microalgae is included to give insight into potential applications of the species into attached cultivation systems.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationKatarzyna L, Sai G, Avijeet Singh O. (2015) Non-enclosure methods for non-suspended microalgae cultivation: literature review and research needs. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 42, February 2015, pp. 1418-1427en_UK
dc.identifier.issn1364-0321
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.029
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9840
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsUnder a Creative Commons license Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0). You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. Information: No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.en_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 3.0 Unported
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
dc.subjectAeroterrestrialen_UK
dc.subjectBiofuelsen_UK
dc.subjectCultivationen_UK
dc.subjectMicroalgaeen_UK
dc.subjectNon-enclosureen_UK
dc.subjectNon-suspendeden_UK
dc.titleNon-enclosure methods for non-suspended microalgae cultivation: literature review and research needsen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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