An orientation sensor based head tracking system for driver behaviour monitoring

dc.contributor.authorZhao, Yifan
dc.contributor.authorGörne, Lorenz
dc.contributor.authorYuen, Iek-Man
dc.contributor.authorCao, Dongpu
dc.contributor.authorSullman, Mark
dc.contributor.authorAuger, Daniel J.
dc.contributor.authorLv, Chen
dc.contributor.authorWang, Huaji
dc.contributor.authorMatthias, Rebecca
dc.contributor.authorSkrypchuk, Lee
dc.contributor.authorMouzakitis, Alexandros
dc.date.accessioned2017-12-18T16:48:50Z
dc.date.available2017-12-18T16:48:50Z
dc.date.issued2017-11-22
dc.description.abstractAlthough at present legislation does not allow drivers in a Level 3 autonomous vehicle to engage in a secondary task, there may become a time when it does. Monitoring the behaviour of drivers engaging in various non-driving activities (NDAs) is crucial to decide how well the driver will be able to take over control of the vehicle. One limitation of the commonly used face-based head tracking system, using cameras, is that sufficient features of the face must be visible, which limits the detectable angle of head movement and thereby measurable NDAs, unless multiple cameras are used. This paper proposes a novel orientation sensor based head tracking system that includes twin devices, one of which measures the movement of the vehicle while the other measures the absolute movement of the head. Measurement error in the shaking and nodding axes were less than 0.4°, while error in the rolling axis was less than 2°. Comparison with a camera-based system, through in-house tests and on-road tests, showed that the main advantage of the proposed system is the ability to detect angles larger than 20° in the shaking and nodding axes. Finally, a case study demonstrated that the measurement of the shaking and nodding angles, produced from the proposed system, can effectively characterise the drivers’ behaviour while engaged in the NDAs of chatting to a passenger and playing on a smartphone.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationZhao, Y.; Görne, L.; Yuen, I.-M.; Cao, D.; Sullman, M.; Auger, D.; Lv, C.; Wang, H.; Matthias, R.; Skrypchuk, L.; Mouzakitis, A. An orientation sensor-based head tracking system for driver behaviour monitoring. Sensors 2017, Vol. 17, article number 2692en_UK
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17112692
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12785
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherMDPIen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectcomputer visionen_UK
dc.subjectnon-driving activitiesen_UK
dc.subjectautonomous drivingen_UK
dc.subjectattention levelen_UK
dc.titleAn orientation sensor based head tracking system for driver behaviour monitoringen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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