Climate change, food security and mycotoxins: do we know enough?

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dc.contributor.authorMedina-Vayá, Ángel
dc.contributor.authorAkbar, Asya
dc.contributor.authorBaazeem, Alaa
dc.contributor.authorRodriguez, Alicia
dc.contributor.authorMagan, Naresh
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-07T10:19:02Z
dc.date.available2017-06-07T10:19:02Z
dc.date.issued2017-05-18
dc.description.abstractClimate change (CC) scenarios are predicted to have significant effects on the security of staple commodities. A key component of this impact is the infection of such crops by mycotoxigenic moulds and contamination with mycotoxins. The impacts of CC on mycotoxigenic fungi requires examination of the impacts of the three-way interactions between elevated CO2 (350–400 vs 650–1200 ppm), temperature increases (+2–5 °C) and drought stress on growth/mycotoxin production by key spoilage fungi in cereals and nuts. This review examines the available evidence on the impacts of interacting CC factors on growth and mycotoxin production by key mycotoxigenic fungi including Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium species. Aspergillus flavus responsible for producing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a class 1A carcinogen and its growth appears to be unaffected by CC factors. However, there is a significant stimulation of AFB1 production both in vitro and in vivo in maize. In contrast, studies on Aspergillus section Circumdati and Nigri species responsible for ochratoxin A contamination of a range of commodities and F. verticillioides and fumonisins suggest that some species are more resilient than others, especially in terms of mycotoxin production. Acclimatisation of mycotoxigenic fungal pathogens to CC factors may result in increased disease and perhaps mycotoxin contamination of staple cereals. Predictive modelling approaches to help identify regions where maximum impact may occur in terms of infection by mycotoxigenic fungi and toxin contamination of staple crops is hindered by the lack of reliable inputs on effects of the interacting CC factors. The present available knowledge is discussed in the context of the resilience of staple food chains and the impact that interacting CC factors may have on the availability of food in the future.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationAngel Medina, Asya Akbar, Alaa Baazeem, Alicia Rodriguez, Naresh Magan, Climate change, food security and mycotoxins: Do we know enough?, Fungal Biology Reviews, Vol. 31, Issue 3, June 2017, pp.143-154en_UK
dc.identifier.issn1749-4613
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2017.04.002
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11982
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectCarbon dioxideen_UK
dc.subjectDrought stressen_UK
dc.subjectMycotoxigenic fungien_UK
dc.subjectMycotoxin productionen_UK
dc.subjectTemperatureen_UK
dc.titleClimate change, food security and mycotoxins: do we know enough?en_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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