Molecularly Imprinted Viral Protein Integrated Zn–Cu–In–Se–P Quantum Dots Superlattice for Quantitative Ratiometric Electrochemical Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Saliva

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dc.contributor.authorAdeniyi, Kayode Omotayo
dc.contributor.authorOyinlola, Kayode
dc.contributor.authorAchadu, Ojodomo J
dc.contributor.authorMenard, Herve
dc.contributor.authorGrillo, Federico
dc.contributor.authorYang, Zhugen
dc.contributor.authorAdegoke, Oluwasesan
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-14T09:06:45Z
dc.date.available2024-08-14T09:06:45Z
dc.date.freetoread2024-08-14
dc.date.issued2024-08-09
dc.date.pubOnline2024-07-24
dc.description.abstractSolution-processable colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials for the development of rapid and low-cost, next-generation quantum-sensing diagnostic systems. In this study, we report on the synthesis of multinary Zn-Cu-In-Se-P (ZCISeP) QDs and the application of the QDs-modified electrode (QDs/SPCE) as a solid superlattice transducer interface for the ratiometric electrochemical detection of the SARS-CoV-2-S1 protein in saliva. The ZCISeP QDs were synthesized through the formation of In(Zn)PSe QDs from InP QDs, followed by the incorporation of Cu cations into the crystal lattice via cation exchange processes. A viral-protein-imprinted polymer film was deposited onto the QDs/SPCE for the specific binding of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular imprinting of the virus protein was achieved using a surface imprinting electropolymerization strategy to create the MIP@QDs/SPCE nanosensor. Characterization through spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrochemical techniques confirmed the structural properties and electronic-band state of the ZCISeP QDs. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the QDs/SPCE superlattice confirmed efficient electron transport properties and revealed an intraband gap energy state with redox peaks attributed to the Cu1+/2+ defects. Binding of SARS-CoV-2-S1 to the MIP@QDs/SPCE cavities induced a gating effect that modulated the Fe(CN)63-/4- and Cu1+/2+ redox processes at the nanosensor interface, producing dual off/on ratiometric electrical current signals. Under optimal assay conditions, the nanosensor exhibited a wide linear detection range (0.001-100 pg/mL) and a low detection limit (0.34 pg/mL, 4.6 fM) for quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2-S1 in saliva. The MIP@QDs/SPCE nanosensor demonstrated excellent selectivity against nonspecific protein targets, and the integration with a smartphone-based potentiostat confirmed the potential for point-of-care applications.
dc.description.journalNameACS Applied Nano Materials
dc.description.sponsorshipO.A. and K.O.A. acknowledge financial support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through EP/X029956/1. O.A. is also grateful to the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) through E22-7965264821 and the Royal Society through RG/R2/232243. We are also grateful to the School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, for assistance with electron microscopy and XRD analysis. O.J.A. acknowledges financial support from the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) through R23-6478073709 and the Royal Society through RG/R2/232090.
dc.format.extentpp. 17630-17647
dc.identifier.citationAdeniyi KO, Oyinlola K, Achadu OJ, et al., (2024) Molecularly imprinted viral protein integrated Zn–Cu–In–Se–P quantum dots superlattice for quantitative ratiometric electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in saliva. ACS Applied Nano Materials, Volume 7, Issue 15, August 2024, pp. 17151-18088en_UK
dc.identifier.eissn2574-0970
dc.identifier.elementsID549549
dc.identifier.issn2574-0970
dc.identifier.issueNo15
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.4c02882
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/22781
dc.identifier.volumeNo7
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society en_UK
dc.publisher.urihttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsanm.4c02882
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectZn-Cu-In-P-Se quantum dotsen_UK
dc.subjectprotein imprinted polymeren_UK
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2 detectionen_UK
dc.subjectratiometric sensoren_UK
dc.subjectquantum dot superlatticeen_UK
dc.subject34 Chemical Sciencesen_UK
dc.subject3406 Physical Chemistryen_UK
dc.subjectNanotechnologyen_UK
dc.subjectBioengineeringen_UK
dc.subjectCoronavirusesen_UK
dc.subjectInfectious Diseasesen_UK
dc.subject3106 Industrial biotechnologyen_UK
dc.subject3403 Macromolecular and materials chemistryen_UK
dc.subject4018 Nanotechnologyen_UK
dc.titleMolecularly Imprinted Viral Protein Integrated Zn–Cu–In–Se–P Quantum Dots Superlattice for Quantitative Ratiometric Electrochemical Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Salivaen_UK
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.subtypeJournal Article
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-07-18

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