A review of material-related mechanical failures and load monitoring-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies in aircraft landing gear

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dc.contributor.authorDeng, Kailun
dc.contributor.authorOmpusunggu, Agusmian Partogi
dc.contributor.authorXu, Yigeng
dc.contributor.authorSkote, Martin
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Yifan
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-01T10:34:43Z
dc.date.available2025-04-01T10:34:43Z
dc.date.freetoread2025-04-01
dc.date.issued2025-03-20
dc.date.pubOnline2025-03-20
dc.description.abstractThe aircraft landing gear system is vital in ensuring the aircraft’s functional completeness and operational safety. The mechanical structures of the landing gear must withstand significant operational forces, including repeated high-intensity impact loads, throughout their service life. At the same time, they must resist environmental degradation, such as corrosion, temperature fluctuations, and humidity, to ensure structural integrity and long-term reliability. Under this premise, investigating material-related mechanical failures in the landing gear is of great significance for preventing landing gear failures and ensuring aviation safety. Compared to failure investigations, structural health monitoring (SHM) plays a more active role in failure prevention for aircraft landing gears. SHM technologies identify the precursors of potential failures and continuously monitor the operational or health conditions of landing gear structures, which facilitates condition-based maintenance. This paper reviews various landing gear material-related failure investigations. The review suggests a significant portion of these failures can be attributed to material fatigue, which is either induced by abnormal high-stress concentration or corrosion. This paper also reviews a series of load monitoring-based landing gear SHM studies. It is revealed that weight and balance measurement, hard landing detection, and structure load monitoring are the most typical monitoring activities in landing gears. An analytical discussion is also presented on the correlation between reviewed landing gear failures and SHM activities, a comparison of sensors, and the potential shift in load-based landing gear SHM in response to the transition of landing gear design philosophy from safe life to damage tolerance.
dc.description.journalNameAerospace
dc.description.sponsorshipAirbus (United Kingdom)
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by Airbus Operations Limited, and the reference number for the funding is CU01921121.
dc.identifier.citationDeng K, Ompusunggu AP, Xu Y, et al., (2025) A review of material-related mechanical failures and load monitoring-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies in aircraft landing gear. Aerospace, Volume 12, Issue 3, March 2025, Article number 266
dc.identifier.eissn2226-4310
dc.identifier.elementsID567341
dc.identifier.issn2226-4310
dc.identifier.issueNo3
dc.identifier.paperNo266
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12030266
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/23694
dc.identifier.volumeNo12
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/12/3/266
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject40 Engineering
dc.subject4001 Aerospace Engineering
dc.subject4001 Aerospace engineering
dc.titleA review of material-related mechanical failures and load monitoring-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies in aircraft landing gear
dc.typeArticle

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