Exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) at Nigeria's petrol stations: a review of current status, challenges and future directions

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dc.contributor.authorAnigilaje, Emmanuel Ademola
dc.contributor.authorNasir, Zaheer Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorWalton, Christopher
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-19T13:30:09Z
dc.date.available2024-04-19T13:30:09Z
dc.date.issued2024-03-25
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: In Nigeria, because of increasing population, urbanization, industrialization, and auto-mobilization, petrol is the most everyday non-edible commodity, and it is the leading petroleum product traded at the proliferating Nigeria's petrol stations (NPSs). However, because of inadequate occupational health and safety (OHS) regulatory measures, working at NPSs exposes petrol station workers (PSWs) to a large amount of hazardous benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds. Methods: Studies on BTEX exposures among Nigerian PSWs are scarce. Thus, constraints in quantifying the health risks of BTEX limit stakeholders' ability to design practical risk assessment and risk control strategies. This paper reviews studies on the OHS of Nigerian PSWs at the NPSs. Results: Although knowledge, attitude, and practices on OHS in NPSs vary from one Nigeria's study setting to another, generally, safety practices, awareness about hazards and personal protective equipment (PPE), and the use of PPE among PSWs fell below expectations. Additionally, air quality at NPSs was poor, with a high content of BTEX and levels of carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, particulate matter, and formaldehyde higher than the World Health Organization guideline limits. Discussion: Currently, regulatory bodies' effectiveness and accountability in safeguarding OHS at NPSs leave much to be desired. Understanding the OHS of NPSs would inform future initiatives, policies, and regulations that would promote the health and safety of workers at NPSs. However, further studies need to be conducted to describe the vulnerability of PSWs and other Nigerians who are occupationally exposed to BTEX pollution. More importantly, controlling air pollution from hazardous air pollutants like BTEX is an essential component of OHS and integral to attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3, 7, and 11.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationAnigilaje EA, Nasir ZA, Walton C. (2024) Exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) at Nigeria's petrol stations: a review of current status, challenges and future directions. Frontiers in Public Health, Volume 12, March 2024, Article number 1295758en_UK
dc.identifier.eissn2296-2565
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1295758
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/21233
dc.language.isoen_UKen_UK
dc.publisherFrontiersen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectnarrative reviewen_UK
dc.subjectBTEX exposureen_UK
dc.subjectcancer and non-cancer risksen_UK
dc.subjectpetrol stationsen_UK
dc.subjectSustainable Development Goalsen_UK
dc.subjectNigeriaen_UK
dc.titleExposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) at Nigeria's petrol stations: a review of current status, challenges and future directionsen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-02-02

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