Conceptual energy and water recovery system for self-sustained nano membrane toilet

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dc.contributor.authorHanak, Dawid P.
dc.contributor.authorKolios, Athanasios
dc.contributor.authorOnabanjo, Tosin
dc.contributor.authorWagland, Stuart Thomas
dc.contributor.authorPatchigolla, Kumar
dc.contributor.authorFidalgo Fernandez, Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorManovic, Vasilije
dc.contributor.authorMcAdam, Ewan J.
dc.contributor.authorParker, Alison
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Leon
dc.contributor.authorTyrrell, Sean
dc.contributor.authorCartmell, Elise
dc.date.accessioned2016-09-14T13:48:48Z
dc.date.available2016-09-14T13:48:48Z
dc.date.issued2016-08-12
dc.description.abstractWith about 2.4 billion people worldwide without access to improved sanitation facilities, there is a strong incentive for development of novel sanitation systems to improve the quality of life and reduce mortality. The Nano Membrane Toilet is expected to provide a unique household-scale system that would produce electricity and recover water from human excrement and urine. This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of the conceptual energy and water recovery system for the Nano Membrane Toilet designed for a household of ten people and to assess its self-sustainability. A process model of the entire system, including the thermochemical conversion island, a Stirling engine and a water recovery system was developed in Aspen Plus®. The energy and water recovery system for the Nano Membrane Toilet was characterised with the specific net power output of 23.1 Wh/kgsettledsolids and water recovery rate of 13.4 dm3/day in the nominal operating mode. Additionally, if no supernatant was processed, the specific net power output was increased to 69.2 Wh/kgsettledsolids. Such household-scale system would deliver the net power output (1.9–5.8 W). This was found to be enough to charge mobile phones or power clock radios, or provide light for the household using low-voltage LED bulbs.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationHanak, D.P., Kolios, A.J., Onabanjo, T., Wagland, S.T., Patchigolla, K., Fidalgo, B., Manovic, V., McAdam, E., Parker, A., Williams, L., Tyrrel, S. and Cartmell, E. (2016). Conceptual energy and water recovery system for self-sustained nano membrane toilet. Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 126, October 2016, pp.352-361.en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0196-8904
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.083
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10530
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherEnergy Conservation and Managementen_UK
dc.relation.ispartofseries126en_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectThermochemical conversionen_UK
dc.subjectEnergy recoveryen_UK
dc.subjectNon-sewered sanitary systemsen_UK
dc.subjectNano Membrane Toileten_UK
dc.subjectProcess modellingen_UK
dc.subjectReinvent the Toilet Challengeen_UK
dc.titleConceptual energy and water recovery system for self-sustained nano membrane toileten_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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