4D printing of materials for the future: opportunities and challenges

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dc.contributor.authorJoshi, Siddharth
dc.contributor.authorRawat, Krishna
dc.contributor.authorKarunakaran, C.
dc.contributor.authorRajamohan, Vasudevan
dc.contributor.authorMathew, Arun Tom
dc.contributor.authorKoziol, Krzysztof K. K.
dc.contributor.authorKumar Thakur, Vijay
dc.contributor.authorBalan, A.S.S
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-30T11:15:33Z
dc.date.available2019-10-30T11:15:33Z
dc.date.issued2019-10-16
dc.description.abstractThe concept of 4D printing is its formation of complex three-dimensional structures that have the ability to adopt different shapes and forms when subjected to different environmental stimuli. A few researchers simply view 4D printing as an extended technique of 3D printing or additive manufacturing with the added constraint of time. However, the unique shape change mechanism exhibited in this process is a combination of shape programming and the usage of smart active materials mostly polymers. This review article highlights the various smart materials, activation mechanisms and the shape-changing techniques employed in the 4D printing process. The potential of the shape-changing structures and their current applications in various biomedical and engineering fields is also explored. The article aims to emphasize the potential and viability of 4D printing and focused on providing an in-depth insight into the 4D printing process.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationJoshi S, Rawat K, Karunakaran C, et al., (2020) 4D printing of materials for the future: opportunities and challenges. Applied Materials Today, Volume 18, March 2020, Article number 100490en_UK
dc.identifier.issn2352-9407
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2019.100490
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/14652
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subject4D printingen_UK
dc.subjectShape memory polymersen_UK
dc.subjectShape changeen_UK
dc.subjectSoft roboticsen_UK
dc.title4D printing of materials for the future: opportunities and challengesen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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