Investigating the involvement of ABA, ABA catabolites and cytokinins in the susceptibility of ‘Nules Clementine’ mandarin to rind breakdown disorder

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Nules Clementine’ mandarin was used to investigate the potential involvement of endogenous plant hormones in mediating the citrus fruit susceptibility to rind breakdown disorder (RBD). The effect of light exposure (viz. canopy position and bagging treatments) on the endogenous concentration of ABA, 7’hydroxy‐abscisic acid (7‐OH‐ABA), ABA‐glucose ester (ABA‐GE) and dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), and t‐zeatin was tested using four preharvest treatments: outside, outside bagged, inside and inside bagged. Phytohormones concentration was evaluated during 9 weeks of postharvest storage at 8 °C.

RESULTS

The shaded fruit inside the canopy had the highest RBD score (0.88) at the end of postharvest storage, while sun‐exposed fruit had the lowest score (0.12). Before storage, ABA concentration was lowest (462.8 μg kg‐1) for inside fruit, and highest in outside bagged fruit (680.5 μg kg‐1). Although ABA concentration suddenly increased from the third week, reaching a maximum concentration of 580 μg kg‐1 at week 6 in fruit from inside position, it generally reduced 1.6‐fold ranging from 240.52 to 480.65 μg kg‐1 throughout storage. The increase of 7‐OH‐ABA was more prominent in fruit from inside canopy. Overall, the concentration of ABA‐GE increased 3‐fold with storage time. DPA concentration of bagged fruit from inside canopy position was significantly higher compared to outside fruit. The lower ABA‐GE and higher DPA concentration in inside bagged fruit throughout storage also coincided with higher RBD.

CONCLUSION

The strong positive correlations between 7‐OH‐ABA, DPA and RBD incidence demonstrated that these ABA catabolites could be used as biomarkers for fruit susceptibility to the disorder.