Development of a combined heart-cut and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography system to extend the carbon range of volatile organic compounds analysis in a single instrument

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dc.contributor.authorDunmore, Rachel E.
dc.contributor.authorHopkins, James R.
dc.contributor.authorLidster, Richard T.
dc.contributor.authorMead, Mohammed Iqbal
dc.contributor.authorBandy, Brian J.
dc.contributor.authorForster, Grant
dc.contributor.authorOram, David E.
dc.contributor.authorSturges, William T.
dc.contributor.authorPhang, Siew-Moi
dc.contributor.authorSamah, Azizan Abu
dc.contributor.authorHamilton, Jacqueline F.
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-16T08:24:42Z
dc.date.available2016-08-16T08:24:42Z
dc.date.issued2016-07-20
dc.description.abstractThe majority of atmospheric measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are usually limited to a small range, either in volatility or time resolution. A combined heart-cut gas chromatography (GC) with comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GC×GC) instrument was developed, specifically to increase the number of VOCs analysed using a single instrument. The system uses valve based modulation and was fully automated, making it suitable for use in the field. A laboratory comparison to an existing dual-channel GC (DC-GC) instrument demonstrated that this new GC-GC×GC can accurately measure atmospheric mixing ratios of C 5 -C 13 VOC species with a wide range of functionalities. Approximately hourly field measurements were conducted at a remote marine atmospheric research station in Bachok, Malaysia. This region was shown to be influenced by clean marine air masses, local anthropogenic and biogenic emission sources and aged emissions transported from highly polluted South East Asian regions. A dramatic shift in air mass direction was observed each day associated with the development of a sea breeze, which influenced the diurnal profiles of species measured at the Bachok site. A proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) was also deployed at Bachok and compared to the new GC-GC×GC instrument. Overall, the GC-GC×GC instrument has been shown to perform well in lab comparisons and during field observations. This represents a good compromise between volatility and high complexity online measurements of VOCs.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationDunmore, R. E. et al. (2016) Development of a combined heart-cut and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography system to extend the carbon range of volatile organic compounds analysis in a single instrument, Separations, Vol. 3, Iss. 3, pp. 1-14en_UK
dc.identifier.issn2297-8739
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations3030021
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10309
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherMDPIen_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectComprehensive two dimensional gas chromatographyen_UK
dc.subjectGCxGCen_UK
dc.subjectVolatile organic compoundsen_UK
dc.subjectVOCsen_UK
dc.subjectHeart-cuten_UK
dc.subjectMultidimensional gas chromatographyen_UK
dc.subjectAtmospheric analysisen_UK
dc.titleDevelopment of a combined heart-cut and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography system to extend the carbon range of volatile organic compounds analysis in a single instrumenten_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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