The United Kingdom Ministry of Defence and the European Union's electrical and electronic equipment directives

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dc.contributor.authorPowell-Turner, Julieanna
dc.contributor.authorAntill, Peter D.
dc.contributor.authorFisher, Richard E.
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-18T17:47:25Z
dc.date.available2016-08-18T17:47:25Z
dc.date.issued2016-08-06
dc.description.abstractThe growth of the generation of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE), and the use of hazardous substances in the production of these items, has required legislation to minimise the harm to the environment that their existing use, ultimate disposal and continued growth of the sector may pose. The European Union (EU) started to tackle this problem with the passing of two Directives in 2002, which focused on restricting the use of hazardous substances (RoHS - 2002/95/EC) and organising the recycling or disposal of discarded electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE - 2002/96/EC). These Directives have been recently recast and their scope widened; however, one exception to them remains items specifically designed for defence and military purposes. This paper looks at how and why these European Directives were passed, the impact they have had on defence in the United Kingdom (UK) up to the present moment, what impact the further extension of those directives might have on UK defence policy and how the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) has begun to prepare for any extension, including the use of alternative products from the commercial market, and substituting less harmful materials. The paper reviews the information available to carry out future decision making and what level of decision making it can support. Where the data is insufficient, it makes recommendations on actions to take for improvement.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationPowell-Turner J, Antill PD, Fisher RE, The United Kingdom Ministry of Defence and the European Union's electrical and electronic equipment directives. Resources Policy, Volume 49, September 2016, pp. 422-432en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0301-4207
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.07.012
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10348
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectDefenceen_UK
dc.subjectEuropeanen_UK
dc.subjectUnionen_UK
dc.subjectEnvironmenten_UK
dc.subjectPolicyen_UK
dc.subjectUKen_UK
dc.subjectMODen_UK
dc.titleThe United Kingdom Ministry of Defence and the European Union's electrical and electronic equipment directivesen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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