Bundling ecosystem services at a high resolution in the UK: trade-offs and synergies in urban landscapes

dc.contributor.authorKarimi, James D.
dc.contributor.authorCorstanje, Ron
dc.contributor.authorHarris, Jim A.
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-05T10:19:43Z
dc.date.available2021-05-05T10:19:43Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-29
dc.description.abstractContext Ecosystem service bundles can be defined as the spatial co-occurrence of ecosystem services in a landscape. The understanding of the delivery of multiple ecosystem services as bundles in urban areas is limited. This study modelled ecosystem services in an urban area comprising the towns of Milton Keynes, Bedford and Luton. Objectives The objectives of this study were to assess (1) how ecosystem service bundles scale at a 2 m spatial resolution and (2) identify and analyse the composition of ecosystem service bundles. Methods Six ecosystem services were modelled with the InVEST framework at a 2 m resolution. The correlations between ecosystem services were calculated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient method. Principal Component Analysis and K-means cluster analysis were used to analyse the distributions, spatial trade-offs and synergies of multiple ecosystem services. Results The results showed that regulating services had the tendency to form trade-offs and synergies. There was a significant tendency for trade-offs between supporting service Habitat quality and Pollinator abundance. Four bundle types were identified which showed specialised areas with prevalent soil erosion with high levels in water supply, areas with high values in nutrient retention, areas with high levels in carbon storage and urban areas with pollinator abundance. Conclusions This study demonstrates the existence of synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem services and the formation of ecosystem service bundles in urban areas. This study provides a better understanding of the interactions between services and improve the management choices in ecosystem service provision in urban and landscape planning.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationKarimi JD, Corstanje R, Harris JA. (2021) Bundling ecosystem services at a high resolution in the UK: trade-offs and synergies in urban landscapes. Landscape Ecology, Volume 36, Issue 6, June 2021, pp. 1817-1835en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0921-2973
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/16648
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherSpringeren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectEcosystem service bundlesen_UK
dc.subjectUrbanen_UK
dc.subjectModelen_UK
dc.subjectTrade-offsen_UK
dc.subjectSynergiesen_UK
dc.subjectSpatial analysisen_UK
dc.subjectIndicatorsen_UK
dc.titleBundling ecosystem services at a high resolution in the UK: trade-offs and synergies in urban landscapesen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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