Coagulant recovery and reuse for drinking water treatment

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dc.contributor.authorKeeley, James
dc.contributor.authorJarvis, Peter
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Andrea D.
dc.contributor.authorJudd, Simon J.
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-16T15:32:20Z
dc.date.available2016-03-16T15:32:20Z
dc.date.issued2015-10-21
dc.description.abstractCoagulant recovery and reuse from waterworks sludge has the potential to significantly reduce waste disposal and chemicals usage for water treatment. Drinking water regulations demand purification of recovered coagulant before they can be safely reused, due to the risk of disinfection by-product precursors being recovered from waterworks sludge alongside coagulant metals. While several full-scale separation technologies have proven effective for coagulant purification, none have matched virgin coagulant treatment performance. This study examines the individual and successive separation performance of several novel and existing ferric coagulant recovery purification technologies to attain virgin coagulant purity levels. The new suggested approach of alkali extraction of dissolved organic compounds (DOC) from waterworks sludge prior to acidic solubilisation of ferric coagulants provided the same 14:1 selectivity ratio (874 mg/L Fe vs. 61 mg/L DOC) to the more established size separation using ultrafiltration (1285 mg/L Fe vs. 91 mg/L DOC). Cation exchange Donnan membranes were also examined: while highly selective (2555 mg/L Fe vs. 29 mg/L DOC, 88:1 selectivity), the low pH of the recovered ferric solution impaired subsequent treatment performance. The application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to ultrafiltration or alkali pre-treated sludge, dosed at 80 mg/mg DOC, reduced recovered ferric DOC contamination to <1 mg/L but in practice, this option would incur significant costs. The treatment performance of the purified recovered coagulants was compared to that of virgin reagent with reference to key water quality parameters. Several PAC-polished recovered coagulants provided the same or improved DOC and turbidity removal as virgin coagulant, as well as demonstrating the potential to reduce disinfection byproducts and regulated metals to levels comparable to that attained from virgin material.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationJames Keeley, Peter Jarvis, Andrea D. Smith, Simon J. Judd, Coagulant recovery and reuse for drinking water treatment, Water Research, Volume 88, 1 January 2016, Pages 502-509en_UK
dc.identifier.cris5463592
dc.identifier.issn0043-1354
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.038
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9791
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsThis is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Water Research. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Water Research, Volume 88, 1 January 2016, Pages 502-509. DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.038
dc.rights©IWA Publishing 2016. The definitive peer-reviewed and edited version of this article is published in Water Research, 88, pages 502-509. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.038 and is available at www.iwapublishing.com.
dc.subjectCoagulant recovery and reuseen_UK
dc.subjectDissolutionen_UK
dc.subjectFerricen_UK
dc.subjectMembrane separationen_UK
dc.subjectDOCen_UK
dc.titleCoagulant recovery and reuse for drinking water treatmenten_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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