Abstract:
This thesis describes various aspects of the development of a multi-disciplinary
aero engine conceptual design tool, TERA2020 (Techno-economic, Environmental
and Risk Assessment for 2020), based on an explicit algorithm that considers:
engine performance, engine aerodynamic and mechanical design, aircraft design
and performance, emissions prediction and environmental impact, engine and
airframe noise, and production, maintenance and direct operating costs.
As part of this research e ort, a newly-derived semi-empirical NOx correlation
for modern rich-burn single-annular combustors is proposed. The development
of a numerical methods library is also presented, including an improved gradientbased
algorithm for solving non-linear equation systems. Common assumptions
made in thermo-
uid modelling for gas turbines and their e ect on caloric properties
are investigated, while the impact of uncertainties on performance calculations
and emissions predictions at aircraft system level is assessed. Furthermore,
accuracy limitations in assessing novel engine core concepts as imposed by current
practice in thermo-
uid modelling are identi ed.
The TERA2020 tool is used for quantifying the potential bene ts from novel
technologies for three low pressure spool turbofan architectures. The impact of
failing to deliver speci c component technologies is quanti ed, in terms of power
plant noise and CO2 emissions. To address the need for higher engine thermal
e ciency, TERA2020 is again utilised; bene ts from the potential introduction of
heat-exchanged cores in future aero engine designs are explored and a discussion
on the main drivers that could support such initiatives is presented. Finally, an
intercooled core and conventional core turbofan engine optimisation procedure
using TERA2020 is presented. A back-to-back comparison between the two
engine con gurations is performed and fuel optimal designs for 2020 are proposed.
Whilst the detailed publications and the work carried out by the author, in a
collaborative e ort with other project partners, is presented in the main body of
this thesis, it is important to note that this work is supported by 20 conference
and journal papers.
