dc.contributor.author |
Finnegan, Chris J. |
- |
dc.contributor.author |
van Egmond, R. A. |
- |
dc.contributor.author |
Price, O. R. |
- |
dc.contributor.author |
Whelan, M. J. |
- |
dc.date.accessioned |
2012-05-31T23:04:48Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2012-05-31T23:04:48Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2009-04-01T00:00:00Z |
- |
dc.identifier.citation |
C.J. Finnegan, R.A. van Egmond, O.R. Price, M.J. Whelan, Continuous-flow
laboratory simulation of stream water quality changes downstream of an untreated
wastewater discharge, Water Research, Volume 43, Issue 7, April 2009, Pages
1993-2001 |
- |
dc.identifier.issn |
0043-1354 |
- |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.01.031 |
- |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3462 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
In regions of the world with poor provision of wastewater treatment, raw sewage
is often discharged directly into surface waters. This paper describes an
experimental evaluation of the fate of two organic chemicals under these
conditions using an artificial channel cascade fed with a mix of settled sewage
and river water at its upstream end and operated under continuous steady-state
conditions. The experiments underpin an environmental risk assessment
methodology based on the idea of an “impact zone” (IZ) – the zone downstream of
wastewater emission in which water quality is severely impaired by high
concentrations of unionised ammonia, nitrite and biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD). Radiolabelled dodecane-6-benzene sulphonate (DOBS) and aniline
hydrochloride were used as the model chemical and reference compound
respectively. Rapid changes in 14C counts were observed with flow-time for both
these materials. These changes were most likely to be due to complete
mineralisation. A dissipation half-life of approximately 7.1 h was observed for
the 14C label with DOBS. The end of the IZ was defined as the point at which the
concentration of both unionised ammonia and nitrite fell below their respective
predicted no-effect concentrations for salmonids. At these points in the
cascade, approximately 83 and 90% of the initial concentration of 14C had been
removed from the water column, respectively. A simple model of mineral nitrogen
transformations based on Michaelis–Menten kinetics was fitted to observed
concentrations of NH4, NO2 and NO3. The cascade is intended to provide a
confirmatory methodology for assessing the ecological risks of chemicals under
direct discharge con |
en_UK |
dc.language.iso |
en_UK |
- |
dc.publisher |
Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
Direct discharge |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
LAS |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
Degradation |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
Laboratory simulation study |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
Ammonia |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
Nitrite |
en_UK |
dc.subject |
River |
en_UK |
dc.title |
Continuous-flow laboratory simulation of stream water quality changes downstream
of an untreated wastewater discharge. |
en_UK |
dc.type |
Article |
- |