Introduction A biosensor may be described as a sensor incorporating a biological element such as an enzyme, antibody, nucleic acid, microorganism or cell. A biosensor should exhibit both shelf-stability and operation ...

The work presented in this thesis was concerned with the development of single-use drop-on sensors incorporating a three-electrode configuration (graphite carbon- working electrode, carbon-counter electrode and silver/silver ...

The treatment of wastewater and monitoring of its toxicity is essential before discharging it to the environment. This study focuses on assessing the toxicity of wastewater following treatment using the electrochemical ...

Currently, a large portion of the world's population uses medication on a regular basis and uses health services frequently, mainly due to the increase of longevity and the growing number of chronic diseases (CD). Consequently, ...