Scale formation in domestic appliances is a widespread problem in the UK. This project has focussed on calcium carbonate scale formation in electric showers. A literature survey identified that CaCO; deposition on heated ...

In comparison to fats, oils and grease (FOG) found in commercial and industrial effluents, very little is known about FOG discharged at household level. To address this shortcoming, household FOG production was calculated ...

The treatment of spent metalworking fluids (MWFs) is difficult due to their complex and variable composition. Small businesses often struggle to meet increasingly stringent legislation and rising costs as they need to treat ...

There is a real need to be able to predict the service life of pipework systems taking account the relevant service conditions. The requirement is to translate corrosion control and corrosion behaviour of small-scale ...

Most commercial swimming pools use pressurised filters, typically containing sand media, to remove suspended solids as part of the water treatment process designed to keep water attractive, clean and safe. The accidental ...

Fats, oils and greases (FOG) are by-products of cooking and food preparation originating from households, food service establishments (FSEs) and industrial food facilities. Under UK legislation, industries are the only ...