DSDS 22
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing DSDS 22 by Type "Poster"
Now showing 1 - 13 of 13
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Open Access A Taxonomy for Contrasting Industrial Control Systems Asset Discovery Tools(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:33:43Z) Samanis, ManolisThe number of tools for scanning industrial assets has grown considerably over the past decade. There is currently a plethora of free and commercial asset scanning tools which specialize in industrial control system (ICS) devices. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no information pertaining to their actual capabilities and no experimental comparative comparison of their features. Moreover, it is not clear to what depth of scanning these tools can reach and whether the tools are suitable to use in a scaled industrial network architecture. This poster provides the first systematic features comparison available on free to use asset scanning tools, on the basis of an ICS scanning taxonomy we propose. Based on the taxonomy, we investigate tools scanning depth and validate results through experimentation on Siemens and Allen Bradley devices.Item Open Access Comparing the Decay of Physical and Digital Inoculation Against Disinformation(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:32:28Z) Niklas HendersonSince entering the post-truth digital age, awareness in false information spreading online has increased rapidly. Despite this increased awareness it remains a serious problem, with Russian and Chinese state disinformation campaigns proving effective on online social networks (OSNs), impacting the wider UK political landscape. There are many areas of intervention across the mis- and disinformation landscape, including machine learning detection and classification methods, bad actor research, and some cognitive approaches. One cognitive-based approach is Inoculation Theory, originally developed by William J. McGuire. Inoculation theory follows the biological analogy, in that to increase resistance to persuasion the subject should be pre-exposed to a weakened version of a persuasive argument. Researchers have used inoculation theory in both physical and digital interventions, with participants yielding positive results identifying false information, and resisting 'fake news' This research focuses on understanding how the decay of inoculating effects differs relative to whether the inoculation intervention was delivered digitally or physically. Participants are inoculated to build resistance to disinformation using a board game, and results are compared to the inoculation decay of other, digital disinformation games.Item Open Access Design and Development of Passive Shock Recovery Systems(Cranfield University, 2023-01-04T10:29:04Z) Stephenson, John-JosephSystems for the recovery of spalled and non-spalled samples have been used for several years. These tend to involve the sample and a series of interior spall plates at the rear of the target through which the shock wave can propagate and reflect. The geometry of these plates is intended to be such that the tension will not occur in the sample, thus preventing spall. The assembly of recovery targets requires great precision, and the construction of a single target can take close to 100-man hours. This work looks at developing a passive recovery system with external spall plate attached to the target momentum ring using epoxy resin. This would significantly reduce the number of man hours required to produce a target, reducing the cost of recovery shots and allowing for more recovery shots to be performed within an experimental run. Recovery-type compression only shots can play a role in the recompaction of spalled metals as the spall plates will keep the sample in compression, allowing the spall plane to recompress while the dynamic work from the shock wave seals up the voids. This work will also look at the use of a ‘passive’ recovery system as part of a 2-stage 'spall and recompaction' test. Should this be verified, this would reduce the cost and complexity of recompaction shots by removing the need for heat bed such as in Jones et al, or multi-stage impactors seen in Hawkins et al.Item Open Access Development of a new Quantum Trajectory Molecular Dynamics Framework(Cranfield University, 2023-01-04T10:29:16Z) Svensson, PontusIn this work, we investigate matter under extreme conditions, the systematic study of which has only been possible due to the establishment of high-power laser facilities in the last decades. These states of matter are of interest for larger astronomical objects, but in particular for engineering systems for man-made nuclear fusion through high density, e.g. inertial confinement fusion, a concept for nuclear energy production based on commonly available elements. The property of matter under these conditions is largely unknown, hindering further technical development. Specifically, we examine plasma in the warm dense matter regime through numerical computation, a theoretically challenging regime as it is the transition from a cold dense system to a hot dense one. Therefore, neither the assumptions for cold nor hot systems are appropriate and everything should be accounted for. We utilise a quantum mechanical description -quantum mechanics being the microscopic theory of everything from molecules to metals - but for the high-temperature states under consideration characteristics of a plasma emerge. The particular problem we are addressing is related to the large electron-proton mass ratio, where even the lightest nucleus, the hydrogen ion, is almost 2000 times more massive than the electron resulting in very different velocities for ions and electrons. This is problematic, as to describe the ion motion, the computational costly description of electrons needs to be carried out for a long time. We address this with wave packet molecular dynamics describing the time evolution explicitly, impotent for the description of dynamical properties.Item Open Access Development of Sustainable PPE for Higher Threat Clearance Operations by Humanitarian Organisations(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:32:10Z) Brown, LauraHumanitarian demining is a hugely important task being undertaken all over the world with 59 countries and territories still contaminated by landmines and unexploded ordnance as of 2020. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for demining has traditionally been designed to protect against threats from legacy mines. However, over the last decade there has been an increase in the charge sizes used in these devices. It is currently unknown how the current PPE will perform and interact with these larger threats. Therefore, there is a need to understand whether improvements need to be made to both the standards used and the PPE itself. PPE that would be used by the police and militaries for these higher charge threats, e.g. IEDs and UXO, is highly developed, however it is extremely expensive and would be inappropriate for the demining industry. This project is therefore working to bridge the gap and help produce an effective and low-cost PPE solution that can be used by the humanitarian sector.Item Open Access Explosive Risk Assessment for Hydrogen Use in Domestic Applications(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:32:51Z) Thawani, BonnyThe UK government aims to shift towards hydrogen-based energy for domestic applications between 2028-2035. While hydrogen is a carbon neutral resource, it has a very low ignition energy (0.019mJ) and high flammability range (4-75% in air). This project aims to understand the use of hydrogen in the natural gas network as a replacement for methane and especially assess the explosive threat posed by this. More specifically, the project focuses on the simulation (and experimental validation) of hydrogen gas flow in pipes and enclosed spaces (such as boiler cabinets) to enable visualisation of the explosive threat (including deflagration-to-detonation transition) in case of an accident. Mathematical and computational simulations were used to estimate the pressure loss of gases in pipes of different diameters (0.01m - 1m) and materials (Polyethylene and X52 steel). Simulations for the turbulent flow of hydrogen and methane in pipes of different diameters showed that hydrogen has to be transported at approximately 2.5-2.7 times the velocity used for methane, to replicate the pressure loss per meter. From the mathematical models, it was noted that different pipe materials influence the pressure loss in turbulent gas flow due to the relationship between absolute roughness of the material and friction factor. While the mathematical model and computational model have slightly different approaches to estimate turbulent flow, the results from the two are largely in agreement with an approximate error of 10%.Item Open Access Investigation into the detonation performances of Urea Hydrogen Peroxide (UHP)(Cranfield University, 2023-01-04T10:28:53Z) Halleux, FrancisWithin the scope of countering the threat of Improvised Explosive Devices, Home Made Explosives constitute a major public security concern, requiring specific risk assessments for first responders such as Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) teams. Among potential emerging threats, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide (UHP) is investigated, considering the ease of manufacture combined with the availability of its precursors. Previous research from the same authors demonstrated UHP detonability at small-scale under heavy confinement and provided an initial characterisation (lab-scale) of detonation performance parameters. As a maximum of experimental data is particularly desirable to accurately evaluate the detonation parameters of non-ideal explosives, initial lab characterisation is here completed and complemented by field and underwater instrumented firings using scaled-up charges.Item Open Access Methodology to Support the Generation of Firearm Obliteration Profiles(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:35:27Z) Henwood, BaileyIt is commonly known that the removable of markings on a firearm can reduce the traceability by anonymising each weapon, however we do not currently have an understanding on how the location in which the obliteration is carried out may affect the type of obliteration observed. Data has been collected from 19 countries around the world including forensically advanced countries and conflict-afflicted countries, which are generally not forensically aware. To investigate the potential of regional obliteration trends, a methodology was created to support the identification of firearms obliteration trends seen around the world. Having an established methodology is critical to understand the prevalence of obliteration techniques in various regions. More than 800 small arms and light weapons (SALW) with obliterations will be analysed in an effort to build regional profiles. The techniques used may reflect the forensic awareness and technical capability in an area, while the profiles allow an obliteration reference database to be established.Item Open Access Morphology Of Uninhabited Vehicle Platform Complexity Using Information Theory-based Methods(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:34:14Z) Kumar, AjayComplexity of a dynamical system is defined as a function of the morphology and the information entropy of the system. Structure is an essential property of the dynamical systems, for it to perform functions, by enabling the flow of information in the system. Many times, the structure of the system is not completely known. In such a case, it can be estimated using elements of information theory (Shannon's information entropy, mutual information). The complexity of the system is bounded. The upper bound is uncertainty dominated and relationships between the elements of the system are fuzzy. On the other hand, at the lower bound, the system functions in a deterministic structure-dominated fashion. The robustness of the system is a measure of margins between the current complexity to the critical complexity of the system.Item Open Access Organic Semiconductor Radiation Detectors for Alpha and Neutron Detection.(Cranfield University, 2023-01-04T10:30:48Z) Horner, AledIn recent decades organic electronics have entered mainstream use in consumer electronics found in households around the world. I will present radiation sensors based on organic semiconductor technology, and in particular applications related to detection of hadronic radiation. This includes α radiation. This technology also works with thermal and fast neutrons.Item Open Access Through-Thickness Properties of Composite Thin Shell Booms(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:34:47Z) Ayres, HenryThe deployment of lightweight composite booms has been a feature of the space industry for 50+ years to alter a spacecrafts geometry in space. Traditional deployment techniques have used stored strain energy, inflatables, or rotary electric motors to control the change in geometry. These composite thin shell booms are similar to a carpenter's tape measure in the way they coil in a housing and then extend from it. The composite thin shell booms are approximately ⅓ mm thick and are composed of a [±45f/0/±45f] carbon fibre epoxy laminate. Their mechanical properties are key to their successful deployment, in particular, their relaxation over time in storage before launch can result in deployment issues. This work aims to evaluate the through-thickness properties of composite thin shell booms. Finite element analysis was performed to investigate the deformation of the composite under out-of-plane loading and has been validated by performing a sensitivity analysis on the mechanical property inputs. Experimental work has also been undertaken to evaluate the through-thickness compressive young's modulus of composite thin shell booms and their through-thickness viscoelastic properties. This includes dynamic interferometric measurements of the composite to out-of-plane compressive loading. This work has evaluated the through-thickness properties of composite thin shell booms and constructed a material model of them.Item Open Access Towards a Method of Exploring the Limits of Low Frequency Time-Temperature Superposition Models in Predicting the High Frequency Response of Epoxy-Amine Resins(Cranfield University, 2022-11-24T17:31:34Z) Uncles, CarolineDMA has long been used to probe the viscoelastic properties of polymers. Not only has it been used to determine the glass transition temperature, but it is also often used to obtained data at higher frequencies through the principle of time-temperature superposition (TTS). There are several challenges which arise when using TTS and this poster highlights them in order to understand why TTS data is not so readily published within papers. The challenges include identifying your reference temperature, selecting your shift factor and the ideal master curve. These three challenges named are the main challenges with TTS and there is no one set method to overcome these when they are encountered.Item Open Access Using Calibrated Samples for Uncertainty Analysis of X-Ray Computed Tomography(Cranfield University, 2023-01-04T12:28:26Z) Mcgregor, JamieX-Ray computed tomography is the process of using a series of projections of an object at different rotations to create a fully digital 3D representation of its internal and external features. These projections are gained through the use of a radiation emitting source and a specialised crystal detector on either side of the subject. Used in both the medical and industrial sectors, this process has been proven extensively valuable in discovering defects without any damage to the scanned sample.However, due to the non-uniform nature of the X-Rays and the variance of the equipment used to collect these projections, the spatial dimensions of the final data cannot be guaranteed to match the true sizes. When using this method to analyse features less than 30 μm, it becomes increasingly important to gain confidence that the results are correct. By using a tungsten carbide sphere and bespoke designed phantoms measured with a modern coordinate measuring machine, an uncertainty budget has been produced in reference to ISO guides of measurement and system optimisation. Through referencing this data to further gained results on new samples, the methodology has been proven to be successful.