Cranfield Defence and Security

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    Cutting edge research: a new look at Iron Age swords from Iran
    (British Library, 2023-12-01) Rodzinka, Alex
    Over recent years, a large assemblage of metallic artefacts from Iran has been intercepted by the UK Border Force and, thanks to our colleagues in Tehran, we have the opportunity to research these in great detail prior to repatriation. Among the objects are bracelets, pins, horse trappings and numerous weapons such as axe heads, arrowheads, spearheads, daggers and swords. The latter two categories, defined as bladed weapons, were chosen as the focus of a PhD project jointly funded by Cranfield University and ISIS Neutron and Muon Source entitled “Complex Metallurgy of the Bronze Age-Iron Age Transition in Iran: Archaeomaterials and Forensic Investigations“. Being complex objects, swords lend themselves very well to investigations of ancient metal production and how that changed when bronze technology reached its peak in the region and iron began to be used for utilitarian purposes. The research explores bronze casting techniques, alloy choices, and bimetallic technology in the early Iron Age (circa 1250-550 BC).
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    The frequency conundrum: modelling terrorism for the insurance industry
    (Cranfield University, Cranfield Forensic Institute, 2014-12-07) Johnson, Stephen
    Many groups face the challenge of trying to make evidence based decisions about threats such as terrorism. Resource allocation by countries for security and resilience measures are a well-known challenge. While many countries keep this information extremely secret the USA has had its own methods reviewed publically by a number of respected bodies, such as the National Academy of Sciences. As recently as 2010 these reviews have been pretty negative in their conclusions (National Research Council, 2010). The UK and the Netherlands have also had their own national risk register processes reviewed in the open literature. Commensurate with someofthe major national resource allocation challenges; the insurance industry has also faced a need to understand the frequency and impact of terrorism. While some catastrophic terrorism models exist in the market it has been regularly asserted that government backstopping is required because of a number of challenges in terrorism. Data sets are frequently included in this.
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    ProSAir 2022.11 User Guide
    (Cranfield University, 2022-11-01) Forth, Shaun
    ProSAir (PROpagation Of Shocks in AIR) is a finite volume, compressible fluid dynamics solver based on second order MUSCL-Hancock time integration and the AUSMDV hybrid flux vector/difference splitting developed by Wada and Liou. ProSAir’s primary use is for modelling air-blasts in and around structures and estimating the resultant structural loading. ProSAir is a successor to Air3d version 9 and version 2022.11 still uses the same numerical algorithm. ProSAir improves on Air3d by an improved user interface. Key features are: Easy to use CFD modelling of blast waves caused by detonation of a single high explosive device. Fast and robust due to use of the well established AUSMDV finite volume scheme for accurately capturing shocks. Second order accuracy achieved by its MUSCL-Hancock integration scheme. Use of spherical and axi-symmetric calculation phases to reduce run times. Support for running on multi-core/processor computers. Windows XP/Vista/7/8/10 64-bit version supplied as standard; 32-bit version for use on legacy systems is still available. Graphical user interface allowing rapid building of geometric models made up of simple geometrical components. Graphical display of solution during execution. Batch jobs via command line invocation. Window failure model based on the SAFE/SSG Glazing hazard guide Can provide history of pressure, velocity, density and temperature at tens of thousands of target points around the domain. Graphical display may be captured to create video presentations. User guide with many examples including sample input and output files. Restrictions: Explosive charges are assumed ideal, spherical and with no afterburning. No method to input geometry from CAD packages. Flowfield itself cannot be post-processed.
Where experts from Academia - Cranfield University - and Officers of the British Armed Forces meet to teach Defence Science, Technology and Management. We are the academic provider and partner to the Defence Academy, UK.