DSDS 23
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This collection showcases outputs from the ninth Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium, hosted at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham by Cranfield University in association with AWE.
It is the only UK conference to provide research students and early career researchers in defence and security with an opportunity to present their work to a sector-wide audience. Covering both technology and social sciences research, contributions include paper presentations, a 3MT (three-minute thesis) competition, digital images and posters.
In addition, there are plenary talks from thought-leaders, as well as opportunities to interact with industry, publishers and other employers of defence and security researchers.
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Simpson, Gregory (2023). DSDS 23. Cranfield University. Collection. DOI link
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Item Open Access Are you as safe at a concert or Music Festival as you think you are?(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T10:47:16Z) Sonnen, KTPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Assessing the pressure losses during hydrogen transport in the current natural gas infrastructure using numerical modelling(Cranfield University, 2024-01-29T10:38:57Z) Thawani, BonnyThe UK government aims to transition its modern natural gas infrastructure towards Hydrogen by 2035. Since hydrogen is a much lighter gas than methane, it is important to understand the change in parameters when transporting it. While most modern work in this topic looks at the transport of hydrogen-methane mixtures, this work focuses on pure hydrogen transport. The aim of this paper is to highlight the change in gas distribution parameters when natural gas is replaced by hydrogen in the existing infrastructure. This study uses analytical models and computational models to compare the flow of hydrogen and methane in a pipe based on pressure loss. The Darcy-Weisbach and Colebrook-White equations were used for the analytical models, and the k- ε model was used for the computational approach. The variables considered in the comparison were the pipe material (X52 Steel and MDPE) and pipe diameters (0.01me1m). It was observed that hydrogen had to be transported 250e270% the velocity of methane to replicate flow for a fixed length of pipe. Furthermore, it was noted that MDPE pipes has 2e31% lower pressure losses compared to X52 steel for all diameters when transporting hydrogen at a high velocity.Item Open Access Assessment of the Conceptual and Moral Factors on the Outcome of Wars: An AI Perspective(Cranfield University, 2024-01-18T11:06:10Z) Yesilyurt, Gurkan3MT contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Automated Microfluidic Analysis of CUP-2 UOC for Forensic Applications(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T12:08:24Z) Han, ShuangPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Collective Anomaly Perception During Multi-Robot Patrol: Constrained Interactions Can Promote Accurate Consensus(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T10:35:27Z) Madin, ZacharyPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Critical interlayers and interfaces in ceramic armour systems(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T14:31:57Z) Powell, DanPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023 (DSDS23) Flyer(Cranfield University, 2023-07-05T08:48:26Z) Cranfield UniversityFlyer for the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium (DSDS22) taking place 8-9 November 2023Item Open Access Development of Sustainable PPE for Higher Threat Clearance Operations by Humanitarian Organisations(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T10:08:40Z) Brown, LauraPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Development of Sustainable PPE for Higher Threat Clearance Operations by Humanitarian Organisations(Cranfield University, 2024-01-17T17:58:27Z) Brown, Laura3MT contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Environmental Temperature and Material Characterisation of Planar Microwave Evanescent Sensors for Environmental Analysis(Cranfield University, 2024-01-24T12:40:10Z) Lavers, ChristopherPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Experimental Measurement of TNT Equivalency For Contact Charges(Cranfield University, 2024-01-19T12:36:00Z) Alford, RolandThe ability to compare explosives is fundamental. Numerous methods are used and while 10 simple conversion factors are often used, the use of TNT Equivalency (TNTe) is not a 11 simple subject as explosives exhibit very different equivalencies depending on whether the 12 pressure or impulse are being considered as well as other conditions. The scaled distance has 13 been found to have a significant effect on the TNTe but due to the difficulty of taking 14 measurements at very close ranges, no TNTe have been quoted for charges in direct contact 15 (Z=0). This paper describes the use of a ballistic pendulum to measure the impulse from 16 contact charges and presents some surprising results that require a two-stage propulsion, as 17 originally described by Backofen, to be explained.Item Open Access Experimental modelling with theoretical validation of liquid crystal display elements for UAV optimal (optical) stealth(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T12:21:18Z) Lavers, ChristopherPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Infrared thermography as a non-invasive scanner for concealed weapon detection(Cranfield University, 2024-02-08T15:55:56Z) Khor, WeeLiam; Chen, Yichen Kelly; Roberts, Michael; Ciampa, FrancescoNon-invasive scanning techniques are vital for threat detection in areas of heavy human traffic to ensure civilian safety. Longer waves in the electromagnetic spectrum, such as millimetre waves and terahertz, have been successfully deployed in commercial personnel scanning systems. However, these waves suffer from lower image resolution due to their longer wavelengths. Infrared has a shorter wavelength compared to millimetre waves and terahertz. Infrared has a lower penetration potential compared to its counterparts but boosts higher image resolution due to its shorter wavelength. Machine learning techniques, i.e., principal component analysis, active contour, and Fuzzy-c, were applied to the infrared images to improve the visualization of concealed objects.Convolutional neural networks, i.e., ResNet-50, were explored as an automatic classifier for the presence of concealed objects. A transfer learning approach was applied to an ImageNet pre-trained ResNet-50 model. After preprocessing the IR images using Fuzzy-c, two models were trained, using 900 and 3082 images, respectively. Evaluating the models using a confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic curve, an area-under-curve of 0.869 and 0.922 was obtained. An optimization procedure was used to determine the model threshold, resulting in a prediction error of 19.9% and 14.9%, respectively.Item Open Access Is TNT Equivalency Still Useful?(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T14:12:55Z) Alford, RolandPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Little layer. Big result?(Cranfield University, 2024-01-18T11:48:45Z) Powell, Dan3MT contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Metals in Extreme Environments: Effect of Multiple High Velocity Impacts(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T13:40:22Z) Stephenson, John-JosephPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Method Development for Compression Testing of Synthetic Ballistic Gelatine(Cranfield University, 2024-01-22T10:23:20Z) Clarke, EmmaPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Performance Characteristics and Permittivity Modelling of a Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Non-destructive Metal Surface Monitoring in a Saline Maritime Environment(Cranfield University, 2024-01-24T12:38:05Z) Lavers, ChristopherPoster contribution to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Polarimetrically augmented Coherent Change Detection three stage detector for laboratory multistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar(Cranfield University, 2024-01-19T12:41:39Z) Hagelberg, AlexanderPaper presentation to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023Item Open Access Protecting Publicly Accessible Locations from Terrorism: Towards a strategic framework for Kenya(Cranfield University, 2024-01-19T14:43:39Z) Olela, JamesPaper presentation to the Defence and Security Doctoral Symposium 2023