19th CIRP Design Conference – Competitive Design, 2009

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https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3539

Editors: Rajkumar Roy and Essam Shehab
Organised by: Cranfield University
Sponsored by: Mori Seiki – The Machine Tool Company
ISBN: 978-0-9557436-4-1

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 86

Open Access
Achieving Effective Innovation Based On TRIZ Technological Evolution
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Sun, J. G.; Tan, R. H.; Cao, G. Z.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
This paper outlines the conception of effective innovation and discusses the method to achieve it. Effective Innovation is constrained on the path of technological evolution so that the corresponding path must be detected before conceptual design of the product. The process of products technological evolution is a technical developing process that the products approach to Ideal Final Result (IFR). During the process, the sustaining innovation and disruptive innovation carry on alternately. By researching and forecasting potential techniques using TRIZ technological evolution theory, the effective innovation can be achieved finally.
Open Access
Affordance Feature Reasoning in Some Home Appliances Products
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Lim, J. S.; Kim, Y. S.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Interactions between human and objects are made through specific features of the object, which are adequate to the task context. During interactions, the perceived features vary according to the context. Affordances are the messages that products provide and users perceive in such a way that user actions are naturally induced with the help of such messages. In this research, we define affordance features as structural elements providing affordances. We classify affordance features into functional, ergonomics, and informative aspects. For some home appliances, common affordances and affordance features are identified so that they can be used in designing other products.
Open Access
Analysing discrete event simulation modelling activities applied in manufacturing system design
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Johansson, J.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
In manufacturing industry, Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is applied in just a small fraction of the cases where it could give significant value. The complexity of the DES technology itself is one barrier to achieving its full potential in manufacturing system design. This paper focuses on methodologies which can be used in studying the modelling process, with the specific intent of integrating DES into the engineering design process of manufacturing systems. Ethnographical methodologies are proposed, as they are successfully applied to the analysis of the engineering design process. Observations from industrial practice indicate that visualisation in DES software is essential for the sequential verification of design activities.
Open Access
Applying Scenarios in the context of Specific User Design: Surgeon as an Expert User, and Design for Handicapped Children.
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Thomann, G.; Rasoulifar, R.; Villeneuve, F.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
In the context of specific user (surgery or handicap domain), the list of requirements is especially difficult to establish. We propose to reflect on the design methodology and especially on the Scenario & Emulation application. The aim is to make emerge needs in users who have specific relation to the final product. In this paper, we illustrate the research with two projects: the DESTIN Project (know-how and experience of the surgeons) and the AE2M Project (handicapped children). User, usage and products are the parameters we chose to define and to categorize with the objective to optimise the design process.
Open Access
An approach to the Integrated Design and Development of Manufacturing Systems
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Nylund, H.; Salminen, K.; Andersson, P. H.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
This paper describes an approach to integrated manufacturing systems. It aims to integrate design and development activities, as well as the entities existing in a manufacturing system. A model of manufacturing systems is presented, including manufacturing entities with different roles and domains related to them. The characteristics of the manufacturing entities are discussed, including changeability, service orientation, and learning capabilities. One of the main enablers is a digital manufacturing system, which includes tools for modeling, simulation and analysis, as well as digital information and knowledge. This is illustrated by an example process, from product ideas to the efficient production of the products.
Open Access
Artificial Neural Networks to Optimize the Conceptual Design of Adaptable Product Development
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Feldhusen, J.; Nagarajah, A.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
This paper describes an approach to apply Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to support the developer to optimize the conceptual design of Adaptable Product Development. The ANN learn from the previously mapping between the requirements and the product solutions. For a new development Process of an Adaptable Product the ANN analyse existing solution and sort them according to their probability of success. The advantages of this approach is on the one hand that ANN is able to identify the best suitable product solution for a new development order and on other hand the ANN automatically store the knowledge of the developer.
Open Access
Assessing the Complexity of a Recovered Design and its Potential Redesign Alternatives
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Urbanic, R. J.; ElMaraghy, W. H.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Reverse engineering techniques are applied to generate a part model where there is no existing documentation or it is no longer up to date. To facilitate the reverse engineering tasks, a modular, multiperspective design recovery framework has been developed. An evaluation of the product and feature complexity characteristics can readily be extracted from the design recovery framework by using a modification of a rapid complexity assessment tool. The results from this tool provide insight with respect to the original design and assists with the evaluation of potential alternatives and risks, as illustrated by the case study.
Open Access
Automated Retrieval of Non-Engineering Domain Solutions to Engineering Problems
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Stroble, J. K.; Stone, R. B.; McAdams, D. A.; Goeke, M. S.; Watkins, S. E.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Biological inspiration for engineering design has occurred through a variety of techniques such as creation and use of databases, keyword searches of biological information in natural-language format, prior knowledge of biology, and chance observations of nature. This research focuses on utilizing the reconciled Functional Basis function and flow terms to identify suitable biological inspiration for function based design. The organized search provides two levels of results: (1) associated with verb function only and (2) narrowed results associated with verb-noun (function-flow). A set of heuristics has been complied to promote efficient searching using this technique. An example for creating smart flooring is also presented and discussed.
Open Access
Bridging the gap between design and engineering in packaging development
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) ten Klooster, R.; Lutters, D.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Packaging designers often come up with splendid design proposals, without being aware of technical, marketing or economical restrictions. This leads to infeasible proposals, so many packaging design projects fail. To bridge the gap between design and marketing, a tool has been developed that shows several designs to an extensive community. Designers now have the possibility to get feedback of the target market on the design proposals. In a case study (redesigning a packaging), the tool clearly showed its advantage. This paper discusses the tool, its usage and its contribution to a more effective and efficient development cycle in packaging development.
Open Access
Combining Axiomatic Design and Case-Based Reasoning in a Design Methodology of Mechatronics Products
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Janthong, N.; Brissaud, D.; Butdee, S.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Current market environments are volatile and unpredictable. The ability for design products to meet customer’s requirements has become critical to success. The key element to develop such products is identifying functional requirements and knowledge utilization based on a scientific approach to provide both designers of new products and redesigners of existing products with a suitable solution that meets to customer’s needs. This paper presents a method to (re)design mechatronic products by combining the axiomatic design and case-based reasoning approaches. Innovation has increased the new product value, which has improved the product efficiency and the need for new engineered design method.
Open Access
Competing in Engineering Design – the Role of Virtual Product Creation
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Stark, R.; Krause, F. L.; Kind, C.; Rothenburg, U.; Müller, P.; Stöckert, H.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Product creation is facing the next level of fundamental changes. Global demands are growing substantially to achieve energy efficient and sustainable value creation networks for products, production and services without compromising traditional success factors such as time to market, cost and quality. To stay competitive within such an environment development partners in industry and public sectors will require new interplay solutions for engineering design execution, domain knowledge representation, expert competence utilization and digital assistance systems. This scenario offers the chance for virtual production creation solutions to become critical for the future by offering unique engineering capabilities which have not yet explored or deployed. The paper investigates key elements of modern virtual product creation – such as agile process execution, functional product modeling and context appropriate information management – towards their competitive role in satisfying increasing numbers of product requirements, in delivering robust systems integration and in ensuring true sustainable product lifecycle solutions.
Open Access
Computer-Aided Conceptual Design Through TRIZ-based Manipulation of Topological Optimizations
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Cascini, G.; Cugini, U.; Frillici, F. S.; Rotini, F.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
In a recent project the authors proposed the adoption of Optimization Systems [1] as a bridging element between Computer-Aided Innovation (CAI) and PLM to identify geometrical contradictions [2], a particular case of the TRIZ physical contradiction [3]. A further development of the research has revealed that the solutions obtained from several topological optimizations can be considered as elementary customized modeling features for a specific design task. The topology overcoming the arising geometrical contradiction can be obtained through a manipulation of the density distributions constituting the conflicting pair. Already two strategies of density combination have been identified as capable to solve geometrical contradictions.
Open Access
A Constraints Driven Product Lifecycle Management Framework
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Le Duigou, Julien; Bernard, Alain; Perry, Nicolas; Delplace, Jean-Charles; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
The management of the product information during its lifecycle is a strategic issue for the industry. In this paper, a constraints driven framework is proposed to create and manage the product information. The method proposes to each actor that intervenes on the product life cycle to act on the quote, the development or the industrialisation of the product. From each phase of the product lifecycle, the extraction, capitalisation and reuse of fundamental knowledge is coordinated by a generic meta-model. This paper explains this approach through experiments in three different SMEs of the mechanical industry.
Open Access
Contribution of two diagnosis tools to support interface situation during production launch
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Surbier, L.; Alpan, G.; Blanco, E.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Firms are urged to constantly introduce new products. Hence, the New Product Development process should be mastered, especially its final phase, the production launch. This paper addresses the critical issue of the information exchange during production launch. Two diagnosis tools considering production launch as a key interface are presented. They permit to examine the information flows, to highlight their weaknesses and hence to find solutions for further improvements. This paper also presents the results of a case study where the diagnosis tools were implemented during a switchgear development project.
Open Access
Creative Approaches in Product Design
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Abdalla, Hassan S.; Salah, F.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
This research paper presents a knowledge-based system for creative design tools (CDT). The main aim of the developed CDT system is to provide designers with a flexible creative design environment to enhance their creative design thinking. Several creative thinking tools are developed and integrated with constructive knowledge databases to widen the search space and expand the design domain. CDT incorporates: a user interface, creativity tools, knowledge databases and five design modules namely: preparation, concept generation, design development, evaluation, and detailed design. A case study is discussed and demonstrated to validate the developed system.
Open Access
A Criteria-based Measure of Similarity between Product Functionalities
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Politze, D. P.; Dierssen, S.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Today‘s customers request product functions and not components. A specific, modular description of the product functions and how they are realized becomes widely accepted to track how a product function is realized and to support future development. This will result in an additional, modular product structure from a functional viewpoint that is orthogonal to the physical product structure. Because the extent of each functional module has to be defined according to some kind of similarity between product functionalities this article introduces a corresponding concept an presents an approach how it can be assessed based on defined criteria.
Open Access
Design and Manufacturing Uncertainties in Cost Estimating within the Bid Process: Results from an Industry Survey
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Parekh, S.; Roy, Rajkumar; Baguley, Paul; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
This paper discusses the issues of the bidding process with emphasis on the design and manufacturing uncertainties that can occur. The context of the paper is within manufacturing companies and in particular within the Defence sector. The paper presents the bidding process of a large Manufacturing company and details the main challenges and uncertainties that may occur. It also discusses the methods that are currently used to tackle uncertainty. The results of an industry survey compare the practices of other manufacturing companies and highlight the challenges at the bidding stage. The paper concludes that the development of an appropriate framework is necessary in order to effectively manage uncertainty at the bid stage.
Open Access
Design for Low-Cost Country Sourcing: Motivation, Basic Principles and Design Guidelines
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Lanza, G.; Weiler, S.; Vogt, S.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Not every product can be successfully sourced in low-cost countries. Disadvantageous cost structures or extremely complex workpiece designs are the most frequent reasons for failures. A design that has been tailored to low-cost country sourcing offers the possibility of increasing potentials while reducing risks and costs at the same time. The wbk Institute of Production Science at the Universität Karlsruhe (TH) developed a new approach which ensures that the product design meets the requirements of the supplier. This paper identifies the factors influencing the design, deduces basic principles and illustrates guidelines for an adapted product design.
Open Access
Design Interference Detector-A Tool for Predicting Intrinsic Design Failures
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) D’Amelio, V.; Tomiyama, Tetsuo; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
Intricate failures at the system integration phase of the design are mostly generated by interactions of product modules or/and engineering domains. Modules of the product are tested independently and when their integration is performed, design failures are detected. This significantly delays the machine development. This paper aims at introducing a software tool able to predict phenomena which generate destructive couplings of engineering domains and product modules. An example shows how these couplings influence the system behaviors. The analysis is conducted at the conceptual deign level and makes use of qualitative data to reason out behaviors of the product.
Open Access
Design of a Virtual Articulator for the Simulation and Analysis of Mandibular Movements in Dental CAD/CAM
(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Solaberrieta, E.; Etxaniz, O.; Minguez, R.; Muniozguren, J.; Arias, A.; Rajkumar Roy; Essam Shehab
This paper presents a research project aiming at designing a Virtual Articulator in order to simulate and analyze mandibular movements of the human jaw. Its main goal is to improve the design of dental prostheses, adding kinematic analysis to the design process. First, plaster models are scanned. Second, the type of articulator is selected. Third, the prosthesis is statically modelled. Fourth, excursive movements are simulated using a CAD system, analyzing occlusal collisions to adequate/modify the design. Finally, the current shortcomings of virtual articulator simulation are discussed in detail and a research prospect is advanced.