Business and Management

Browse

Browsing Business and Management by Subject "38 Economics"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Comparison of efficiencies in protectionist and liberal cabotage policies
    (Taylor & Francis, 2025-12-31) Karagöz, Deniz; Acar, Mehmet Fatih; Aktas, Emel; Aba, Anil
    This paper focuses on cabotage, which is a long-standing regulation that restricts coastal trade to domestic ships. As globalisation has grown, global trade organisations have pushed for the removal of these barriers to promote a competitive market environment. In this research, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to evaluate and compare the efficiencies of countries which have protectionist and liberalised cabotage policies. To do this, maritime statistics in 2022 from the World Bank database are considered for 50 different countries. We find that both protectionist and liberal policies have advantages and disadvantages, but neither is inherently superior. In addition, cabotage policies must be structured according to each country’s conditions, and a delicate balance must be established between these policies, considering the dynamics of the global economy. This paper has also considered advantages and disadvantages by comparing countries that have different policies on cabotage, such as the UK and Türkiye, to show how cabotage regulations generate different perspectives created by their respective maritime pasts and geopolitics. In terms of an effective and competitive maritime industry, the study is one of the unique types of research that underlines the need for a cabotage strategy balanced between the liberalised and protectionist components.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Dynamic distributional effects of fiscal consolidation: a sample of 16 OECD countries
    (National Library of Serbia, 2025-12-31) Okeke, Angela; Alexiou, Constantinos; Nellis, Joseph G.
    We explore the long-term distributional consequences of fiscal adjustment episodes and the dynamic consequences of fiscal consolidation for countries with large sized consolidations vis-a-vis countries with small sized consolidations. In this direction, panel ARDL and impulse response functions using local projections are adopted for a panel of 16 OECD countries covering the period 1980 to 2019 based on a newly updated fiscal adjustment dataset, compiled by Gustavo Adler et al. (2024). The evidence suggests that adverse income disparities which tend to arise upon implementation of fiscal adjustments are dynamic and persist through the long run. While baseline results for the Gini suggest that long-term inequality levels hold at approximately the same as peak levels (by the 7th period), inequality measured by the bottom 40 income share appear to exhibit peak levels at the 14th period, suggesting a more persistent impact. Disaggregating impact by adjustment size, evidence is also offered for small-sized adjustment and large-sized adjustment countries showing that small-sized adjustments lead to gradual but prolonged inequality effects, while large-sized adjustments generate steeper but shorter-lived inequality increases.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Port co-opetition: revisited after 20 years
    (Taylor and Francis, 2025-05-01) Song, Dong-Wook; Deshmukh, Ajay
    This paper revisits the concept of port co-opetition with the aim to understand how it has evolved over time since the publication 20 years ago. In so doing, the paper does also attempt to project its future research direction by synthesising the same concept applied to a wide range of academic disciplines. The first aim is of retrospective, while the second of prospective—looking for the future by looking back to the past. The study highlights that co-opetition, defined as doing both collaboration and competition at the same time, has seen noticeable changes over the past two decades by chasing the evolving nature of co-opetition within the port industry from actor-centric and activity-centric perspectives. The focus was initially on individual firms and their interactions; however, there has existed a greater emphasis on the broader activities and their processes as defined co-opetitive relationships. This shift reflects the general trend in the global economy where co-opetition has become increasingly relevant for players to successfully navigate ever more complicated market dynamics. Despite significant progress made in the field of port co-opetition, much of the existing literature remains cantered into the actor-centric view, having limitedly explored the other side of the concept. As a way to fill in this less considered perspective, this paper aims to propose a framework in which the port co-opetition per se could be more systematically analysed, leading us to gain a valuable insight into the field for the benefits of researchers and practitioners. This line of study will make us to better understand the concept in a context of port industry as a potential instrument of implementable strategies.