Browsing by Author "Verma, Kartikey"

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    Borophene: a 2D wonder shaping the future of nanotechnology and materials science
    (Elsevier, 2024-05-10) Mishra, Raghvendra Kumar; Sarkar, Jayati; Verma, Kartikey; Chianella, Iva; Goel, Saurav; Nezhad, Hamed Yazdani
    Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted considerable research interest due to their precisely defined properties and versatile applications. In this realm, borophene - a single atomic sheet of boron atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice - has emerged as a promising candidate. While borophenes were theoretically predicted to have unique structural, optical, and electronic properties, the experimental synthesis of crystalline borophene sheets was first demonstrated on metal substrates in 2015, marking a crucial milestone. Since then, research efforts have focused on controlling the synthesis of semiconducting borophene polymorphs and exploring their novel physical characteristics. This review aims to explore the potential of 2D materials, specifically borophene, in various technological fields such as batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and more. The analysis emphasises meticulous scrutiny of synthesis techniques due to their fundamental importance in realising borophene's properties. Specifically, the high carrier mobilities, tuneable bandgaps, and exceptional thermal conductivity of borophene are highlighted. By providing a comprehensive outlook on the significance of borophene in advancing materials science and technologies, this review contributes to shaping the landscape of 2D material research.
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    Development of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) reinforced poly(lactic) acid/ cellulose nanocrystal composite through melt mixing: Effect of nanofiller on thermal, structural, biodegradation and antibacterial properties
    (Elsevier, 2023-08-26) Verma, Kartikey; Siddiki, Salim H.; Maity, Chandan Kumar; Mishra, Raghvendra Kumar; Moniruzzaman, Md
    The intent of this research work was to synthesised a synthetic polymer that is biodegradable, bioresorbable, and biocompatible, while also exhibiting favorable thermal characteristics. The present study reports the successful fabrication of bionanocomposites by incorporating Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into host matrix (PLA) using the melt-mixing technique. Various weight percentages (wt%) of rGO were employed in the process and various characterization techniques, including BET analysis, XRD, FTIR and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to verify the efficient fabrication of a number of nanoformulations and nanofiller’s effect. Introduction of CNC and rGO in PLA matrix increases the surface area as well as porosity of the composites, established by BET analysis. DSC results indicate that the assimilation of rGO into the polymer matrix improved thermal stability of the composite material and leads to boost in the degree of crystallinity which was supported by XRD analysis. TGA results found no noticeable change in glass transition temperature (Tg) due to the addition of Nanofiller (rGO). The wettability analysis was done by contact angle measurement to determine the hydrophilicity of the composite and it is shown that with the increasing amount of rGO, hydrophilicity increases and contact angle reaches to 69° for 0.75 wt% of rGO in composite in comparision to 100° Neat PLA. The rGO/CNC/PLA nanocomposites exhibit a unique antibacterial effectiveness against both the S. aureus (Gram-positive) and E. coli (Gram-negative) bacterial strains. The highest antimicrobial activity was obtained in the nanocomposite tested against S. aureus. Biodegradation through Lysozyme in PBS solution shows promising result after incorporation of nanofillers. Hence, the nanocomposite manufactured through melt mixing process has promising uses in the biomedical and food packaging industries.
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    Exploring transformative and multifunctional potential of MXenes in 2D materials for next-generation technology
    (Elsevier, 2024-04-26) Mishra, Raghvendra Kumar; Sarkar, Jayati; Verma, Kartikey; Chianella, Iva; Goel, Saurav; Nezha, Hamed Yazdani
    MXenes, a rapidly growing family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides (Mn+1XnTx, where M is a transition metal, X is carbon, nitrogen, or both, and T represents surface functional groups), have captured the scientific community's interest due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and diverse technological applications. This comprehensive review explores the latest breakthroughs in MXene synthesis and characterisation, emphasising their multifaceted applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensing, and other cutting-edge domains. This review examines the most widely used MXene synthesis strategies, including selective etching and delamination, and highlight recent advancements in controlling surface terminations, composition, and morphology. The influence of these synthetic parameters on MXene properties is discussed in detail. Characterisation techniques, ranging from spectroscopic methods to electron microscopy, are essential for elucidating MXenes' structure-property relationships. Research into energy storage leverages MXenes' high electrical conductivity, large surface area, and chemical tunability. This has led to significant progress in the field. This paper presents research efforts focused on optimising MXenes for both battery and supercapacitor applications. Additionally, the catalytic prowess of MXenes, particularly in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, is explored, emphasising their role in green energy technologies and environmental remediation. MXenes' remarkable sensitivity and selectivity make them promising candidates for sensing various gases, biomolecules, and ions, offering exciting possibilities in healthcare and environmental monitoring. Importantly, this review underscores the need for continued optimisation of MXene synthesis protocols to achieve large-scale production, enhanced stability, and precise control over properties across various fields.
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    Nanomaterial integration in micro LED technology: enhancing efficiency and applications
    (Elsevier, 2024-03-27) Mishra, Raghvendra Kumar; Verma, Kartikey; Chianella, Iva; Goel, Saurav; Nezhad, Hamed Yazdani
    The micro-light emitting diode (µLED) technology is poised to revolutionise display applications through the introduction of nanomaterials and Group III-nitride nanostructures. This review charts state-of-the-art in this important area of micro-LEDs by highlighting their key roles, progress and concerns. The review encompasses details from various types of nanomaterials to the complexity of gallium nitride (GaN) and III nitride nanostructures. The necessity to integrate nanomaterials with III-nitride structures to create effective displays that could disrupt industries was emphasised in this review. Commercialisation challenges and the economic enhancement of micro-LED integration into display applications using monolithic integrated devices have also been discussed. Furthermore, different approaches in micro-LED development are discussed from top-down and bottom-up approaches. The last part of the review focuses on nanomaterials employed in the production of micro-LED displays. It also highlights the combination of III-V LEDs with silicon LCDs and perovskite-based micro-LED displays. There is evidence that efficiency and performance have improved significantly since the inception of the use of nanomaterials in manufacturing these.
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    The role and significance of Magnesium in modern day research-A review
    (Elsevier, 2021-06-24) Satya Prasad, S. V.; Prasad, S. B.; Verma, Kartikey; Mishra, Raghvendra Kumar; Kumar, Vikas; Singh, Subhash
    Magnesium is one of the largely available elements in the earth's crust. It has a low structural density with high specific strength. This unique material property has forced an increase in the use of magnesium and its alloys in various applications pertaining to industrial sector, automobiles, aerospace and biomedical. Since magnesium is a highly reactive metal, it is prone to higher rate of corrosion as compared to its counterparts. Thus, it is essential to analyze the corrosion behavior of magnesium and its alloys in its applications. An appropriate process is to be followed in the design and development of magnesium alloys which overcome the limitations of magnesium and enhance the desired material properties in accordance to their applications. This review paper summarizes the importance of magnesium and its material properties. The influence of various alloying elements on the mechanical properties of magnesium is reviewed. The broad classification of Mg alloys and their behavioral trends are detailed. The corrosion behavior of magnesium and the influence of corrosion products on the material characteristics of magnesium, in aqueous medium, are discussed. The manufacturing techniques of magnesium alloys along with the secondary techniques are also covered. The various applications and the limitations of magnesium in these applications are covered. A complete section is dedicated towards detailing the recent trends of magnesium (Mg) alloys, i.e., the biodegradable nature and applications of Mg alloys. The influence of biocorrosion on Mg alloys and techniques to overcome it have been deliberated. This paper provides a thorough review on recent developments of magnesium with respect to engineering applications.