Browsing by Author "Trnka, Miroslav"

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    Cross-sectoral and trans-national interactions in national-scale climate change impacts assessment—the case of the Czech Republic
    (Springer, 2019-09-16) Papadimitriou, Lamprini; Trnka, Miroslav; Harrison, Paula; Holman, Ian P.
    Assessing the combined impacts of future climate and socio-economic change at the country level is vital for supporting national adaptation policies. Here, we use a novel modelling approach to study the systemic impacts of climate and socio-economic changes on the Czech Republic, taking account of cross-sectoral interactions between agriculture, water, forestry, land-use and biodiversity, and, for the first time, trans-national interactions. We evaluate the national-level baseline results, scenario-neutral model sensitivities, and climate and socio-economic scenario impacts using a European-scale integrated modelling tool. Consistently across most climate and socio-economic scenarios, the Czech Republic is projected to have increasing importance as a crop-growing region in Europe, due to an increased competitive advantage within the continent. Arable land in the Czech Republic expands, at the expense of livestock farming and forestry, with associated impacts of increased water scarcity and reduced biodiversity for the country. Accounting for trans-national interactions in national-scale assessments provides more realistic assessments of impacts and helps to identify the changing role of the country within its regional and continental domain. Such improved understanding can support policy-makers in developing national adaptation actions that reduce adverse impacts and realise opportunities.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Priority questions in multidisciplinary drought research
    (Inter Research, 2018-08-28) Trnka, Miroslav; Hayes, Michael; Jurecka, Frantisek; Bartosova, Lenka; Anderson, Martha; Brazdil, Rudolf; Brown, Jesslyn; Camarero, Jesus J.; Cudlin, Pavel; Dobrovolny, Petr; Eitzinger, Josef; Feng, Song; Finnessey, Taryn; Gregoric, Gregor; Havlik, Petr; Hain, Christopher; Holman, Ian P.; Johnson, David; Kersebaum, Kurt Christian; Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Luterbacher, Jurg; Micale, Fabio; Hartl-Meier, Claudia; Mozny, Martin; Nejedlik, Pavol; Olesen, Jorgen Eivind; Ruiz-Ramos, Margarita; Rotter, Reimund P.; Senay, Gabriel; Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.; Svoboda, Mark; Susnik, Andreja; Tadesse, Tsegaye; Vizina, Adam; Wardlow, Brian; Zalud, Zdenek; Buntgen, Ulf
    Addressing timely and relevant questions across a multitude of spatio-temporal scales, state-of-the-art interdisciplinary drought research will likely increase in importance under projected climate change. Given the complexity of the various direct and indirect causes and consequences of a drier world, scientific tasks need to be coordinated efficiently. Drought-related research endeavors ranging from individual projects to global initiatives therefore require prioritization. Here, we present 60 priority questions for optimizing future drought research. This topical catalogue reflects the experience of 65 scholars from 21 countries and almost 20 fields of research in both natural sciences and the humanities. The set of drought-related questions primarily covers drought monitoring, impacts, forecasting, climatology, adaptation, as well as planning and policy. The questions highlight the increasingly important role of remote sensing techniques in drought monitoring, importance of drought forecasting and understanding the relationships between drought parameters and drought impacts, but also challenges of drought adaptation and preparedness policies.