Browsing by Author "Roberts, Julie"

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    Identifying blast trauma in the human skeleton: applications for forensic anthropology
    (Archaeopress, 2021-05-06) Márquez-Grant, Nicholas; Webster, Hannah; Dussault, Marie-Christine; Harris, Michael; Roberts, Julie; Errickson, David; Sanabria Medina, César
    Trauma analysis is an integral part of the forensic anthropologist’s role in the study of skeletonized human remains. An increasingly common type of injury, however, remains vastly unexplored in the anthropological literature: blast injury. This chapter aims to provide more information on how blast injury can present in the human skeleton, offering the beginning of a guide for anthropologists looking to identify this type of trauma. The study was done by reviewing publications that detail trauma observed in victims of explosive incidents and extracting data on skeletal trauma from a forensic anthropology perspective by calculating the prevalence of these injuries. Overall, the effects of blast were noted to affect nearly every part of the skeleton when the data was reviewed in combination.
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    Redefining forensic anthropology in the 21st century and its role in mass fatality investigations
    (Soc. Anatomy Espanola (Spanish Soc. of Anatomy), 2021) Márquez-Grant, Nicholas; Roberts, Julie
    Definitions of forensic anthropology have reflected the evolution of the discipline over the past 20 years. A commonly accepted definition is currently “the application of the science of physical or biological anthropology to the legal process” (e.g. see ABFA, 2018), although this has now expanded to include human rights cases, as part of what some have called ‘Humanitarian Forensic Action’ or ‘Forensic Humanitarianism’ (Guyomarc´h, and Congram, 2015; Cordner and Tidball-Binz, 2017; Moon, 2013; Parra et al. 2020). More recently, historical cases involving the recovery, identification and repatriation of casualties from the First and Second world wars and subsequent conflicts, have also been categorised as forensic anthropology (Loe et al., 2014, Cox et al., 2016, Emanovsky and Belcher, 2012). The expansion of the definition in these contexts recognises the need for the anthropologist to conform to the standards required by forensic genetic laboratories. He or she is required to work closely with DNA scientists and be cognisant of forensic protocols relating to chain of custody, integrity of evidence and how to minimise the risks of cross contamination and misidentifications.