Browsing by Author "Purkayastha, Rajlakshmi"

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    Lithium-sulfur cell equivalent circuit network model parameterization and sensitivity analysis
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2017-04-18) Fotouhi, Abbas; Auger, Daniel J.; Propp, Karsten; Longo, Stefano; Purkayastha, Rajlakshmi; O'Neill, Laura; Walus, Sylwia
    Compared to lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries potentially offer greater specific energy density, a wider temperature range of operation, and safety benefits, making them a promising technology for energy storage systems especially in automotive and aerospace applications. Unlike lithium-ion batteries, there is not a mature discipline of equivalent circuit network (ECN) modelling for Li-S. In this study, ECN modelling is addressed using formal ‘system identification’ techniques. A Li-S cell’s performance is studied in the presence of different charge/discharge rates and temperature levels using precise experimental test equipment. Various ECN model structures are explored, considering the trade-offs between accuracy and speed. It was concluded that a ‘2RC’ model is generally a good compromise, giving good accuracy and speed. Model parameterization is repeated at various state-of-charge (SOC) and temperature levels, and the effects of these variables on Li-S cell’s ohmic resistance and total capacity are demonstrated. The results demonstrate that Li-S cell’s ohmic resistance has a highly nonlinear relationship with SOC with a break-point around 75% SOC that distinguishes it from other types of battery. Finally, an ECN model is proposed which uses SOC and temperature as inputs. A sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effect of SOC estimation error on the model’s accuracy. In this analysis, the battery model’s accuracy is evaluated at various SOC and temperature levels. The results demonstrate that the Li-S cell model has the most sensitivity to SOC estimation error around the break-point (around 75% SOC) whereas in the middle SOC range, from 20% to 70%, it has the least sensitivity.
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    A MATLAB graphical user interface for battery design and simulation; from cell test data to real-world automotive simulation
    (IEEE, 2016-06-30) Fotouhi, Abbas; Shateri, Neda; Auger, Daniel J.; Longo, Stefano; Propp, Karsten; Purkayastha, Rajlakshmi; Wild, Mark
    This paper describes a graphical user interface (GUI) tool designed to support cell design and development of manufacturing processes for an automotive battery application. The GUI is built using the MATLAB environment and is able to load and analyze raw test data as its input. After data processing, a cell model is fitted to the experimental data using system identification techniques. The cell model's parameters (such as open-circuit-voltage and ohmic resistance) are displayed to the user as functions of state of charge, providing a visual understanding of the cell's characteristics. The GUI is also able to simulate the performance of a full battery pack consisting of a specified number of single cells using standard driving cycles and a generic electric vehicle model. After a simulation, the battery designer is able to see how well the vehicle would be able to follow the driving cycle using the tested cells. Although the GUI is developed for an automotive application, it could be extended to other applications as well. The GUI has been designed to be easily used by non-simulation experts (i.e. battery designers or electrochemists) and it is fully automated, only requiring the user to supply the location of raw test data.
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    Methodology for assessing the lithium-sulfur battery degradation for practical applications
    (Electrochemical Society, 2018-05-26) Knap, Vaclav; Stroe, Daniel Ioan; Purkayastha, Rajlakshmi; Walus, Sylwia; Auger, Daniel J.; Fotouhi, Abbas; Propp, Karsten
    Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) battery is an emerging battery technology receiving growing amount of attention due to its potential high contributions of gravimetric energy density, safety and low production cost. However, there are still some obstacles preventing their swift commercialization. Li-S batteries are driven by different electrochemical processes than commonly used Lithium-ion batteries, which often results in their very different behavior. Therefore, the modelling and testing have to be adjusted to reflect this unique behavior to prevent possible biases. A methodology for a reference performance test for the Li-S batteries is proposed in this study to point out the Li-S battery features and provide guidance to users how to deal with them and possible results into standardization.
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    A self-discharge model of Lithium-Sulfur batteries based on direct shuttle current measurement
    (Elsevier, 2016-10-29) Knap, Vaclav; Stroe, Daniel-Ioan; Swierczynski, Maciej; Purkayastha, Rajlakshmi; Propp, Karsten; Teodorescu, Remus; Schaltz, Erik
    In the group of post Lithium-ion batteries, Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) batteries attract a high interest due to their high theoretical limits of the specific capacity of 1672 Ah kg−1 and specific energy of around 2600 Wh kg−1. However, they suffer from polysulfide shuttle, a specific phenomenon of this chemistry, which causes fast capacity fade, low coulombic efficiency, and high self-discharge. The high self-discharge of Li-S batteries is observed in the range of minutes to hours, especially at a high state of charge levels, and makes their use in practical applications and testing a challenging process. A simple but comprehensive mathematical model of the Li-S battery cell self-discharge based on the shuttle current was developed and is presented. The shuttle current values for the model parameterization were obtained from the direct shuttle current measurements. Furthermore, the battery cell depth-of-discharge values were recomputed in order to account for the influence of the self-discharge and provide a higher accuracy of the model. Finally, the derived model was successfully validated against laboratory experiments at various conditions.