Browsing by Author "Omar, Intisar"

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    Automated prediction of crack propagation using H2O AutoML
    (MDPI, 2023-10-12) Omar, Intisar; Khan, Muhammad; Starr, Andrew; Abou Rok Ba, Khaled
    Crack propagation is a critical phenomenon in materials science and engineering, significantly impacting structural integrity, reliability, and safety across various applications. The accurate prediction of crack propagation behavior is paramount for ensuring the performance and durability of engineering components, as extensively explored in prior research. Nevertheless, there is a pressing demand for automated models capable of efficiently and precisely forecasting crack propagation. In this study, we address this need by developing a machine learning-based automated model using the powerful H2O library. This model aims to accurately predict crack propagation behavior in various materials by analyzing intricate crack patterns and delivering reliable predictions. To achieve this, we employed a comprehensive dataset derived from measured instances of crack propagation in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) specimens. Rigorous evaluation metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and R-squared (R2) values, were applied to assess the model’s predictive accuracy. Cross-validation techniques were utilized to ensure its robustness and generalizability across diverse datasets. Our results underscore the automated model’s remarkable accuracy and reliability in predicting crack propagation. This study not only highlights the immense potential of the H2O library as a valuable tool for structural health monitoring but also advocates for the broader adoption of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) solutions in engineering applications. In addition to presenting these findings, we define H2O as a powerful machine learning library and AutoML as Automated Machine Learning to ensure clarity and understanding for readers unfamiliar with these terms. This research not only demonstrates the significance of AutoML in future-proofing our approach to structural integrity and safety but also emphasizes the need for comprehensive reporting and understanding in scientific discourse.
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    Comparative analysis of machine learning models for predicting crack propagation under coupled load and temperature
    (MDPI, 2023-06-16) Omar, Intisar; Khan, Muhammad; Starr, Andrew
    Crack propagation in materials is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by various factors, including dynamic load and temperature. In this study, we investigated the performance of different machine learning models for predicting crack propagation in three types of materials: composite, metal, and polymer. For composite materials, we used Random Forest Regressor, Support Vector Regression, and Gradient Boosting Regressor models, while for polymer and metal materials, we used Ridge, Lasso, and K-Nearest Neighbors models. We trained and tested these models using experimental data obtained from crack propagation tests performed under varying load and temperature conditions. We evaluated the performance of each model using the mean squared error (MSE) metric. Our results showed that the best-performing model for composite materials was Gradient Boosting Regressor, while for polymer and metal materials, Ridge and K-Nearest Neighbors models outperformed the other models. We also validated the models using additional experimental data and found that they could accurately predict crack propagation in all three materials with high accuracy. The study’s findings provide valuable insights into crack propagation behavior in different materials and offer practical applications in the design, construction, maintenance, and inspection of structures. By leveraging this knowledge, engineers and designers can make informed decisions to enhance the strength, reliability, and durability of structures, ensuring their long-term performance and safety.
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    Compatibility and challenges in machine learning approach for structural crack assessment
    (Sage, 2022-03-11) Omar, Intisar; Khan, Muhammad; Starr, Andrew
    Structural health monitoring and assessment (SHMA) is exceptionally essential for preserving and sustaining any mechanical structure’s service life. A successful assessment should provide reliable and resolute information to maintain the continuous performance of the structure. This information can effectively determine crack progression and its overall impact on the structural operation. However, the available sensing techniques and methods for performing SHMA generate raw measurements that require significant data processing before making any valuable predictions. Machine learning (ML) algorithms (supervised and unsupervised learning) have been extensively used for such data processing. These algorithms extract damage-sensitive features from the raw data to identify structural conditions and performance. As per the available published literature, the extraction of these features has been quite random and used by academic researchers without a suitability justification. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review is performed to emphasise the influence of damage-sensitive features on ML algorithms. The selection and suitability of these features are critically reviewed while processing raw data obtained from different materials (metals, composites and polymers). It has been found that an accurate crack prediction is only possible if the selection of damage-sensitive features and ML algorithms is performed based on available raw data and structure material type. This paper also highlights the current challenges and limitations during the mentioned sections.
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    Quantifying the interrelationship between friction, wear, and noise: a comparative study on aluminum, brass, and steel
    (Elsevier, 2025-03) Tian, Yang; Khan, Muhammad; Deng, Haoxuan; Omar, Intisar
    Friction-induced wear and noise affect the performance and lifespan of industrial components, yet models often address them separately. This study proposes a model linking wear volume, coefficient of friction (COF), and noise. Ball-on-disc tribometer tests on 6082 aluminum, UNS C38500 brass, and 304 stainless steel were conducted under various loads and speeds. Key findings reveal thermal expansion affects wear in aluminum but minimally impacts brass and steel. The aluminum-based equation also predicts noise for brass and steel, with errors under 10 % within 5–15 N loads and 0.21–0.63 m/s speeds, suggesting broader applicability. This model provides a simplified approach to linking friction, wear, and noise, offering potential improvements in wear monitoring and noise control for mechanical systems.
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    Suitability analysis of machine learning algorithms for crack growth prediction based on dynamic response data
    (MDPI, 2023-01-17) Omar, Intisar; Starr, Andrew; Khan, Muhammad
    Machine learning has the potential to enhance damage detection and prediction in materials science. Machine learning also has the ability to produce highly reliable and accurate representations, which can improve the detection and prediction of damage compared to the traditional knowledge-based approaches. These approaches can be used for a wide range of applications, including material design; predicting material properties; identifying hidden relationships; and classifying microstructures, defects, and damage. However, researchers must carefully consider the appropriateness of various machine learning algorithms, based on the available data, material being studied, and desired knowledge outcomes. In addition, the interpretability of certain machine learning models can be a limitation in materials science, as it may be difficult to understand the reasoning behind predictions. This paper aims to make novel contributions to the field of material engineering by analyzing the compatibility of dynamic response data from various material structures with prominent machine learning approaches. The purpose of this is to help researchers choose models that are both effective and understandable, while also enhancing their understanding of the model’s predictions. To achieve this, this paper analyzed the requirements and characteristics of commonly used machine learning algorithms for crack propagation in materials. This analysis assisted the authors in selecting machine learning algorithms (K nearest neighbor, Ridge, and Lasso regression) to evaluate the dynamic response of aluminum and ABS materials, using experimental data from previous studies to train the models. The results showed that natural frequency was the most significant predictor for ABS material, while temperature, natural frequency, and amplitude were the most important predictors for aluminum. Crack location along samples had no significant impact on either material. Future work could involve applying the discussed techniques to a wider range of materials under dynamic loading conditions.