Browsing by Author "McAloone, Timothy Charles"
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Item Open Access Industry experiences of environmentally conscious design integration : an exploratory study(Cranfield University, 1998) McAloone, Timothy Charles; Evans, StephenThis research has explored environmentally conscious design in the electrical/electronics industry sector. In this new and rapidly evolving field, existing research has not yet sought to understand the causes of success and the problems experienced when companies have integrated environmental considerations into the design process. In the context of advanced practitioners of environmentally conscious design in the Western European and North American electrical/electronics industry sector, it is shown that: - the timing of environmental decisions in the design process is key to environmentally conscious design; - the environmental profile of a product is affected the most in the very early stages of the design process, particularly in the pre-specification stage, where tools for environmentally conscious design decision-making are lacking; - an enthusiastic approach, driven by an environmental champion, is key to environmentally conscious design; - top management commitment is important for successful environmentally conscious design; - there is a common sequence of events that many companies go through when integrating environmentally conscious design into their product development processes. This starts with motivation, leading to widening communication and information flows and finally to whole-life thinking. These findings emerged from one in-depth study and a transatlantic industry survey, interviewing twenty four practitioners. A framework of factors affecting environmentally conscious design was derived from this research and a model of environmentally conscious design integration developed which describes the industry's experience of integrating environmental considerations into the design processes.Item Open Access Strategies for Designing and Developing Services for Manufacturing Firms(Cranfield University Press, 2009-04-01) Tan, A. R.; Matzen, D.; McAloone, Timothy Charles; Evans, Stephen; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabProduct/service-systems (PSS) are in effect an approach to designing integrated products and services with a focus on both customer activities and product life cycle considerations. Literature offers a range of serviceoriented design strategies from product-oriented DfX approaches to more customer-oriented approaches such as integrated solutions and service design. These design strategies are mapped out in relation to how applicable they are to different types of services. Case studies from two industrial companies are used to confront the existing literature in order to begin to understand how manufacturing companies may align their business strategies with their product and service development activities.Item Open Access A User Centred Approach to Eliciting and Representing Experience in Surgical Instrument Development(Cranfield University Press, 2009-03-31) Restrepo, J.; Nielsen, T. A.; Pedersen, S. M.; McAloone, Timothy Charles; Rajkumar Roy; Essam ShehabRequirements elicitation for surgical equipment development is a challenging task. On the one hand, designers need to acquire a significant amount of domain and procedural knowledge to understand and discuss surgical tasks, which is difficult and resource intensive. On the other hand, there are restrictions to surgeons observation related to ethics, regulations and availability. This paper proposes a framework for the elicitation, representation and communication of surgeons’ experience and their translation into requirements and concepts for new surgical instrument development. The framework is showcased by the development of an improved surgical instrument for laparoscopic surgery.