Browsing by Author "Lin, John"
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Item Open Access The impact of out-the-window size on air traffic controllers’ visual behaviours and response time on digital tower operations(Elsevier, 2022-06-24) Li, Wen-Chin; Moore, Peter; Zhang, Jingyi; Lin, John; Kearney, PeterDigital tower using video-panorama display permits the provision of air traffic services remotely without the need for a local physical tower. The recent growth of visual science has demonstrated the popular concept in respect of the size of display “bigger is better”. The aim of this research is to examine the sizes of Out-the-Window (OTW) panoramic displays and how they affect controller's visual behaviours, response time and workload. There are two validated OTW (43-inch vs 55-inch) which can potentially be implemented in the digital tower module. It is critical to investigate air traffic controllers’ cognitive demand and monitoring performance while interacting with different sizes of OTW in the digital tower module. This research recruited 15 qualified controllers working at a European regional airport. The results demonstrated that a 43-inch display was a better human-computer interaction in target identification than a 55-inch OTW panorama display. The subjective and objective approaches revealed that controllers’ visual behaviours and response times were difference while interacting with different sizes of OTW, but controllers’ workload did not show difference. The bigger screen presents bigger stimuli which are easier spotted by ATCOs, but it induces bigger amplitude of head and eye movements, bigger distortion on both edges of screen and longer response time on target identifications. System designers should be aware of the effects of peripheral vision and visual distortion on panorama displays while designing digital tower modules for the provision of future air traffic services.Item Open Access What can we learn from severity index on flight data monitoring? analysis of safety resilience in flight operations during COVID-19 disruptions(Taylor & Francis, 2023-11-22) Li, Wen-Chin; Nichanian, Arthur; Lin, John; Braithwaite, GrahamThe unexpected spread of the pandemic raised concerns regarding pilots’ skill decay resulting from the significant drops in the frequency of flights by about 70%. This research retrieved 4761 Flight Data Monitoring (FDM) occurrences based on the FDM programme containing 123,140 flights operated by an international airline between June 2019 and May 2021. The FDM severity index was analysed by event category, aircraft type, and flight phase. The results demonstrate an increase in severity score from the pre-pandemic level to the pandemic onset on events that occurred on different flight phases. This trend is not present in the third stage, which indicates that pilots and the safety management system of the airline demonstrated resilience to cope with the flight disruptions during the pandemic. Through the analysis of event severity, FDM enables safety managers to recommend measures to increase safety resilience and self-monitoring capabilities of both operators and regulators.Item Open Access What can we learn from Severity Index on Flight Data Monitoring? Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 disrupting pilots' proficiency(Cranfield University, 2023-02-28 09:06) Li, Wen-Chin; Nichanian, Arthur; Braithwaite, Graham; Lin, JohnFDM data containing 4,761 FDM exceedance events retrieved from 123,140 flights on both Airbus and Boeing aircraft, operated in an international airline was collected from June 2019 to May 2021 for 24 months and was classified under three eight-month stages. The severity index on FDM was analyzed by event category, aircraft type, and flight phase.