Browsing by Author "Law, Karen A."
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Item Open Access Electrochromic effects from a simple commercial polymer membrane.(Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam., 2007-08-01T00:00:00Z) Davis, Frank; Law, Karen A.; Bridge, Kerry; Higson, Seamus P. J.A simple commercial polyester polymer membrane has been found to exhibit an intense electrochromic effect. Most polymers which undergo electrochromic effects contain either transition metals or extensive conjugated systems. We have found that a simple commercial polyester membrane when coated with gold and polarised to −4 V (versus Ag) in aprotic organic solvents displays an electrochromic colour change from a colourless to an intense red statItem Open Access Procedure 24 : Construction of an enzyme-containing microelectrode array and use for detection of low levels of pesticides(2007-01-01T00:00:00Z) Davis, Frank; Law, Karen A.; Turner, Anthony P. F.; Higson, Seamus P. J.Objectives (a) To construct a microelectrode array based on a screen printed substrate. (b) To utilise the microelectrode array to form an array of enzyme- containing electrodes (c) To test the electrode response to thiocholine (d) To expose the array to low levels of pesticide and measure the relative response to thiocholine following inhibition.Item Open Access Sonochemically fabricated microelectrode arrays for biosensors offering widespread applicability. Part I(Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam., 2004-09-15T00:00:00Z) Barton, Andrew C.; Collyer, Stuart D.; Davis, Frank; Gornall, Davinia D.; Law, Karen A.; Lawrence, Emma C. D.; Mills, Daniel W.; Myler, Suzy; Pritchard, Jeanette A.; Thompson, Mark; Higson, Seamus P. J.A novel and patented procedure is described for the sonochemical fabrication of a new class of microelectrode array based sensor with electrode element populations of up to 2 x 105 cm-2. For some years it has been accepted that microelectrode arrays offer an attractive route for lowering minimum limits of detection and imparting stir (convectional mass transport) independence to sensor responses; despite this no commercial biosensors, to date, have employed microelectrode arrays, largely due to the cost of conventional fabrication routes that have not proved commercially viable for disposable devices. Biosensors formed by our sonochemical approach offer unrivalled sensitivity and impart stir independence to sensor responses. This format lends itself for mass fabrication due to the simplicity and inexpensiveness of the approach; in the first instance impedimetric and amperometric sensors are reported for glucose as model systems. Sensors already developed for ethanol, oxalate and a number of pesticide determinations will be reported in subsequent publications.