Browsing by Author "Goodger, E. M."
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Item Open Access Aviation fuel problems at high altitudes and high aircraft speeds(College of Aeronautics, 1959-01) Goodger, E. M.Much useful data has appeared over recent years concerning the problems incurred by continued increases in operational altitudes and aircraft speeds. This report is an attempt to correlate a representative amount of these data, and to present them in a form suitable both for general information and for project design reference. Frequent references are made to the literature as guides to additional information. Some of the work has formed the basis of research activities at Cranfield.Item Open Access The combustion characteristics of a cylindrical-rod burner system(College of Aeronautics, Cranfield., 1955-06) Goodger, E. M.Combustion systems constructed of a multiplicity of small elements appear attractive from the aspects of low pressure loss and short chamber length. A combustion chamber has been proposed, by Spalding of Cambridge University, in which fuel is fed under gravity down the surfaces of vertical cylinders located normally to the air stream. Preliminary tests were made at Cambridge, and the work has been continued at Cranfield under a Ministry of Supply Contract.Item Open Access The influence of engine speed upon pre-ignition(College of Aeronautics, 1956-09) Goodger, E. M.The literature shows conflicting evidence on the effect of engine speed upon tendency to pre-ignition. Typical published results are presented and compared, together with results obtained from a single-cylinder D.V.L. engine at Cranfield, using the heated wire and ionization gap technique. The D.V.L. results show an initial increase in pre-ignition tendency with increase in engine speed, followed by a reduced tendency with further increase in speed, and are thus similar to certain other published results. The D.V.L. results are less detailed than these published results, since no measurement was made of hot-spot temperatures, but are more extensive since a greater number of fuels was tested for speed effect, and pre-ignition tendency with speed was measured over a range of (reduced) inlet pressure.Item Open Access Property requirements for liquid rocket propellants(College of Aeronautics, 1959-11) Goodger, E. M.An analysis is made of the properties necessary for liquid rocket propellants to give effective performance with acceptable handling. Typical propellants are examined against this requirement background, and their relative suitability assessed.Item Open Access The protection of aircraft fuel tanks against explosion hazards using inert combustion products(College of Aeronautics, Cranfield., 1954-10) Goodger, E. M.Within certain ranges of temperature and pressure, the air-vapour mixture produced above the liquid fuel in aircraft fuel tanks will support combustion, and will burn explosively on the addition of the necessary energy for ignition. Although the danger zone for each type of aviation fuel can be clearly defined under equilibrium conditions, the many transient factors involved in practice make it difficult to find completely safe operating conditions for any fuel.Item Open Access Spontaneous -ignition data of hydrocarbons and aviation fluids(College of Aeronautics, 1957-09) Goodger, E. M.The standard A.S.T.M. method has been used to determine comparative spontaneous-ignition characteristics of 29 hydrocarbons and aviation fluids. Reasonable correlation is found with results from more precise methods. Ignition temperature levels are similar in the case of paraffins, olefins, and naphthenes, but are slightly higher with alcohols, and much higher with aromatics. Ignition temperature of petroleum-based aviation fluids show a general reduction with increase in specific gravity. This note includes work reported in a thesis submitted by F/O. P. Susilvorn, R.T.A.F., in June, 1957 (ref.7), as part of the requirements for the award of the Diploma of the College of Aeronautics, the research being under the supervision of the author.Item Open Access Water injection in the normally-aspirated piston engine(College of Aeronautics, 1957-03) Goodger, E. M.The injection of water into a spark-ignition piston engine tends to reduce both the power and the tendency to knock. Because of the latter effect the conditions of operation can be made more severe in order to realise overall gains in power and economy. Injection of water at different points in a single-cylinder engine shows the most practicable method to be fine atomization into the inlet manifold Water flow requirements are found to be directly proportional to the manifold absolute pressure, and a commercial type of water injection unit designed on this basis is described and road-tested. An attempt has been made to estimate the distribution of water to individual cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine, and the effect of water up on engine components is examined.