Browsing by Author "Chan, Joanna"
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Item Open Access Data underpinning research article 'Sand dam contributions to year-round water security monitored through remotely sensed handpump data'(Cranfield University, 2022-12-01 15:20) Nicola Grace Ritchie, Hannah; Holman, Ian; Parker, Alison; Chan, JoannaThe repository contains an hourly abstraction data set collected from 26 sand dam hand pumps in Makueni and Machakos, Kenya via remote sensing, using Water Point Data Transmitters (WDT). The WDT were attached to the handles of the hand pumps in April 2019, and transmit abstraction via an SMS message, generated according to the number of times that the pump is used in an hour. The data set includes date, time, pump location, population size, and variables related to each sand dam (including, size, average distance to reach pump, and livestock usage). The variables are present in their raw form and also in their grouped form, which were used for the modelling in this study. The data was provided by Sand Dams Worldwide and has been approved for publication. The repository also contains an interview data set collected by Joanna Chan (MSc) in 2019 in Makueni and Machakos, Kenya. The interview data was collected at 30 sand dam sites. The data contains questions centred on water use behiours. This data was grouped to provide the variable data present in the abstraction data set. The repository contains an hourly abstraction data set collected from 26 sand dam hand pumps in Makueni and Machakos, Kenya via remote sensing, using Water Point Data Transmitters (WDT). The WDT were attached to the handles of the hand pumps in April 2019, and transmit abstraction via an SMS message, generated according to the number of times that the pump is used in an hour. The data set includes date, time, pump location, population size, and variables related to each sand dam (including, size, average distance to reach pump, and livestock usage). The variables are present in their raw form and also in their grouped form, which were used for the modelling in this study. The data was provided by Sand Dams Worldwide and has been approved for publication. The repository also contains an interview data set collected by Joanna Chan (MSc) in 2019 in Makueni and Machakos, Kenya. The interview data was collected at 30 sand dam sites. The data contains questions centred on water use behiours. This data was grouped to provide the variable data present in the abstraction data set.Item Open Access Sand dam contributions to year-round water security monitored through telemetered handpump data(Springer, 2023-10-17) Ritchie, Hannah; Holman, Ian P.; Parker, Alison; Chan, JoannaSand dams are a form of rainwater harvesting, prolific in arid and semi-arid lands. Water is provided partly via handpumps, which, as the only improved method of abstraction from sand dams, are important for drinking water security. Accelerometers and cellular transmitters were fitted to 30 handpumps by the Africa Sand Dam Foundation (ASDF) in 2019 to monitor the use and reliability of the handpumps by recording hourly water volume abstracted. Data from April 2019 to October 2021 for 26 of these sites, alongside qualitative data, were analysed and each handpump’s contribution to year-round water security was explored, focusing on the long dry season when water supply from other sources is compromised. Abstraction was over 20 times higher in the long dry season than in any other season, and at sites with higher salinity, higher livestock use, and larger dam wall area. At 21 wells, abstraction was still being recorded at the end of at least one long dry season; however, high spatial and temporal heterogeneity between pumps and seasons means that not all sand dams deliver reliable water supply year-round. Quantifying the contribution that sand dams make to water security is crucial for understanding their resilience against a changing climate and can aid decision makers when choosing the most appropriate water management technique. Knowledge of temporal and site heterogeneity in abstraction can inform when other water sources need increasing and can help with sand dam design optimisation. Overall, our results indicate the positive contribution that sand dams make to year-round water security through the water that is abstracted through handpumps.