Browsing by Author "Baker, C. J."

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    Biomimetic echolocation with application to radar and sonar sensing
    (IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics, 2014-03-25T00:00:00Z) Baker, C. J.; Smith, Graeme E.; Balleri, Alessio; Holderied, M.; Griffiths, H. D.
    Nature provides a number of examples where acoustic echolocation is the primary sensing modality, the most well-known of these being the bat, whale and dolphin. All demonstrate a remarkable ability to "see with sound". Using echolocation they navigate, locate and capture prey. As species, they have not only survived but have thrived in all their individual environments, often solely reliant on echolocation. All of these creatures are inherently cognitive. They all maintain a perception of their environment through the nervous system that allows them to take actions. In this paper we focus on the bat as an example of a cognitive system exploiting a memory-driven perception-action cycle, enabling it to navigate and interact with its environment. The key conceptual components of cognition and how it could be applied to man-made echoic sensors is introduced. This is followed by a description of how echoic flow fields, a bio-inspired technique that bats have been shown to use, fit guidance and control problems. We then go on to explain how bats are able to reliably distinguish between different targets. A combination of the theory and examples is used to demonstrate the vast potential for advancing the capability of made in man-made systems by adopting aspects of natural echolocating cognitive dynamic systems.
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    Investigating jammer suppression with a 3-D staring array
    (IET, 2017-10) Liu, J.; Balleri, Alessio; Jahangir, Mohammed; Baker, C. J.
    A 3-D staring radar operates by using a wide beam transmitter to illuminate the entire surveillance region and generates multiple receive beams using a 2-D static array that can be digitised at element level. The sensor achieves permanent search in all directions and harnesses the spatial, temporal and spectral domains to improve detection and discrimination of low observable, highly manoeuvrable targets in congested air space against strong non-stationary clutter. While the susceptibility of traditional scanning radars to jammers has been well researched, very little work has been carried out to assess the performance of 3-D staring radars in the presence of an interference source. In this paper, the response of a staring array radar to a jammer is modelled. Results are presented showing that by exploiting the persistent dwell time of the staring array, it is possible to achieve effective jammer suppression using null steering or similar techniques.
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    Sensing, cognition, and engineering application [Further Thoughts]
    (IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics, 2014-03-25T00:00:00Z) Baker, C. J.; Smith, Graeme E.; Balleri, Alessio; Holderied, M.; Griffiths, H. D.
    Definitions of cognition almost always use the term “knowing.” Sensors probe the environment producing stimuli that are interpreted to form a perception, but “knowing” is something that takes place within the brain of a human after being presented with sensed data or some form of image. Consider radar and air traffic control. A radar sensor scans the airspace and, using the principles of echolocation, is able to detect, locate, and display aircraft on a screen. An air traffic controller views the screen and continually repositions the aircraft using strict protocols that comply with safety of life requirements. In other words, it is the air traffic controller who supplies the cognitive component necessary to achieve air safety.