Browsing by Author "Anthony, Ben"
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Item Open Access CO2/SO2 emission reduction in CO2 shipping infrastructure(Cranfield University, 2019-05-30 10:32) Awoyomi, Adeola; Patchigolla, Kumar; Anthony, BenSimulation table streams for the liquefaction cycle, the capture process and the diesel engine used in Aspen Plus.All graphs can be generated from the given streams.Item Open Access Data for the paper "Process and economic evaluation of an on-board capture system for LNG-fueled CO2 carriers"(Cranfield University, 2019-12-12 13:58) Awoyomi, Adeola; Patchigolla, Kumar; Anthony, BenTable showing the results obtained from the economic analysis of the capture integration. All graphs can be generated from the given streams.Item Open Access Dataset for Applying machine learning algorithms in estimating the performance of heterogeneous, multi-component materials as oxygen carriers for chemical-looping processes(Cranfield University, 2020-02-05 16:24) Yan, Yongliang; Clough, Peter; Anthony, BenThe training data for 19 manganese ores as potential oxygen carriers in the chemical-looping process from a fluidised-bed reactor. This database has been used to train several supervised artificial neural network models (ANN), which were used to predict the reactivity of the oxygen carriers with different fuels and the oxygen transfer capacity with only the knowledge of reactor bed temperature, elemental composition, and mechanical properties of the manganese ores. This novel approach explores ways of dealing with the training dataset, learning algorithms and topology of the ANN models to achieve enhanced prediction precision.Item Open Access Dataset of Investigation of air and oxy-fuel biomass combustion kinetics in a spout fluidised-bed reactor(Cranfield University, 2018-12-19 13:41) Yan Yan, Harry; Clough, Peter; Anthony, BenDataset of Investigation of air and oxy-fuel biomass combustion kinetics in a spout fluidised-bed reactor.Item Open Access Exhaust gas treatment systems and losses from CO₂ carriers and other ship types.(Cranfield University, 2021-01) Awoyomi, Adeola Emiola; Patchigolla, Kumar; Anthony, BenThe shipping industry needs to be decarbonised to below its 2008 levels by 2050 according to the initial strategy set target proposed by the International Maritime Organisation. With fossil fuels having a huge role in the energy space and in particular, the maritime industry, it is paramount that measures to meet this challenge are considered. Carbon capture utilisation and storage is the only technology with the potential to transform fossil utilisation sources into low carbon sources, although their use is not yet established in the shipping industry. Therefore, this research is aimed at evaluating different operational modes and conditions for a ship energy system (manoeuvring, sailing and hotelling) retrofitted with a post combustion capture system. To meet this aim, process models of the ship energy system, capture and liquefaction system were developed in Aspen Plus and benchmarked against literature data available in the public domain. This was done considering ship types powered by both heavy fuel oil and liquefied natural gas at different power requirements (9.8MWe, 7.7MWe, 6MWe and 5MWe). Ship operating worldwide have been required to use fuels with a lower sulfur content as compared to the former situation where sulfur contents of 3.5% were not uncommon. This requirement has been adopted since January 2020. Many researchers have explored sulfuric emissions reduction whilst neglecting carbon emissions. In this research, this issue was resolved by the applicability of a solvent with a multi component handling capacity. Aqueous ammonia was used as the solvent at varying concentrations (<10wt%) and conditions for the powered ship types. A comparison was made between the two fuel systems with regards to the process, economic and weight analysis. It was found out that the heavy fuel oil case resulted in about 12% higher carbon emissions than that of the liquefied natural gas case. The cost of capture was used as the economic index in this study, and about 40% higher was obtained for the heavy fuel oil case compared to that of the LNG. This outcome was traced to the absence of sulfuric emissions in addition to the lower fuel cost. The impact on the ship infrastructure was also investigated in terms of the weight incurred, this was found to be 480 and 356 tonnes for the heavy fuel oil and liquefied natural gas case respectively. The weight accounted for was the installed weight (the solvent and liquid inventory included). Importantly, in ensuring that the ship gets to its required destination, an additional 1MWe was added and this was estimated to be enough for the capture and liquefaction system in all the cases considered. The waste heat recovered from the flue gas served as a thermal source for the solvent regeneration, thereby minimizing power demand needed from the ship energy system. About 70% of the carbon emissions was captured from the flue gas without additional thermal source. Therefore, this research study revealed that carbon capture technologies has the capacity to significantly reduce carbon emissions on a shipping infrastructure taken into consideration additional power demand and related impacts.Item Open Access High CO2 absorption in new amine based-transition-temperature mixtures (deep eutectic analogues) and reporting thermal stability, viscosity and surface tension: Response surface methodology (RSM)(Elsevier, 2020-07-23) Ghaedi, Hosein; Zhao, Ming; Clough, Peter T.; Anthony, Ben; Fennell, Paul S.To study CO2 capture potential, three types of transition-temperature mixtures (TTMs) were prepared by mixing ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (MTPPB) as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and n-methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) in different molar ratios (1:7, 1:10 and 1:16). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results showed that TTMs have almost similar spectra to their HBD (MDEA) with different levels of transmittance and exhibit similar behavior. From the experimental results, it was found that the thermal stability, viscosity and surface tension of TTMs decreased as the concentration of MDEA in the mixture increased. According to response surface methodology (RSM) models and analysis of variance (ANOVA), temperature and molar ratio had a great effect on the viscosity and surface tension of TTMs. Finally, it was found that CO2 solubility in TTMs (at 303.15 K at pressure up to 1.35 MPa) was enhanced as the MDEA quantity increased in the mixture up to 1:10 mol ratio. However, by increasing MDEA concentration to 16:1 mol ratio, there was a decreasing trend in the CO2 solubility data. Also, all TTMs, particularly TTM containing 10:1 mol MDEA (MTPPB-MDEA 1:10) exhibited an equilibrium loading capacity approaching 1 mol CO2 per mole solvent at high pressure, revealing their high potential for CO2 capture. A comparison showed that the CO2 solubility in the studied solvents was higher than that of existing deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and other TTMs as well as several ionic liquids (ILs) to date. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the CO2 solubility in phosphonium-base TTMs containing MDEAItem Open Access Pilot testing of enhanced sorbents for calcium looping with cement production(Cranfield University, 2018-06-12 12:59) Erans moreno, María; Jeremias, Michal; lyzheng@alum.imr.ac.cn; G. Yao, Joseph; Blamey, John; Manovic, Vasilije; S. Fennell, Paul; Anthony, BenRaw data from pilot plant experiments depicted in "Pilot testing of enhanced sorbents for calcium looping with cement production"Item Open Access Porous MgO-stabilized CaO-based powders/pellets via a citric acid-based carbon template for thermochemical energy storage in concentrated solar power plants(Elsevier, 2020-01-21) Wang, Ke; Gu, Feng; Clough, Peter T.; Zhao, Pengfei; Anthony, BenThe reversible CaO/CaCO3 carbonation reaction (CaL) is one of the most promising candidates for high-temperature thermochemical energy storage (TCES) in concentrated solar power plants (CSP). Here, a sacrificial citric acid-based carbon template was developed to produce high-performance CaO-based sorbents to mitigate the progressive deactivation with sequential carbonation-calcination cycling. The carbon template was formed through in situ pyrolysis of citric acid in a simple heating process under nitrogen. After a secondary calcination step in air, a stable porous MgO-stabilized nano-CaO powder was generated and achieved high long-term effective conversion due to its resistance to pore plugging and sintering. By dry mixing citric acid with limestone-dolomite mixtures, this procedure can also be applied to synthesize MgO-stabilized CaO pellets via an extrusion–spheronization route, which resulted in comparably stable and effective conversion as the optimized CaO powder. Additionally, the considerable mechanical strength of MgO-stabilized CaO pellets should enable their realistic application in fluidized bed reactors. Thus, this simple, cost-effective and easily-scalable synthesis technique appears to have great potential for CSP-TCES under high temperature operation.Item Open Access Recent advances in carbon dioxide utilization(Elsevier, 2020-03-12) Zhang, Zhien; Pan, Shu Yuan; Li, Hao; Cai, Jianchao; Olabi, Abdul Ghani; Anthony, Ben; Manovic, VasilijeCarbon dioxide (CO2) is the major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the main driver of climate change. Currently, CO2 utilization is increasingly attracting interest in processes like enhanced oil recovery and coal bed methane and it has the potential to be used in hydraulic fracturing processes, among others. In this review, the latest developments in CO2 capture, utilization, conversion, and sequestration are examined through a multi-scale perspective. The diverse range of CO2 utilization applications, including mineralization, biological utilization, food and beverages, energy storage media, and chemicals, is comprehensively presented. We also discuss the worldwide research and development of CO2 utilization projects. Lastly, we examine the key challenges and issues that must be faced for pilot-scale and industrial applications in the future. This study demonstrates that CO2 utilization can be a driver for the future development of carbon capture and utilization technologies. However, considering the amount of CO2 produced globally, even if it can be reduced in the near-to mid-term future, carbon capture and storage will remain the primary strategy and, so, complementary strategies are desirable. Currently, the main CO2 utilization industry is enhanced oil and gas recovery, but considering the carbon life cycle, these processes still add CO2 to the atmosphere. In order to implement other CO2 utilization technologies at a large scale, in addition to their current technical feasibility, their economic and societal viability is critical. Therefore, future efforts should be directed toward reduction of energy penalties and costs, and the introduction of policies and regulation encouraging carbon capture, utilization and storage, and increasing the public acceptance of the strategies in a complementary manner.