Browsing by Author "Alssalehin, Esmaeil"

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    Assessment of hydrogen storage and pipelines for hydrogen farm
    (MDPI, 2025-02-27) Alssalehin, Esmaeil; Holborn, Paul; Pilidis, Pericles
    This paper presents a thorough initial evaluation of hydrogen gaseous storage and pipeline infrastructure, emphasizing health and safety protocols as well as capacity considerations pertinent to industrial applications. As hydrogen increasingly establishes itself as a vital energy vector within the transition towards low-carbon energy systems, the formulation of effective storage and transportation solutions becomes imperative. The investigation delves into the applications and technologies associated with hydrogen storage, specifically concentrating on compressed hydrogen gas storage, elucidating the principles underlying hydrogen compression and the diverse categories of hydrogen storage tanks, including pressure vessels specifically designed for gaseous hydrogen containment. Critical factors concerning hydrogen gas pipelines are scrutinized, accompanied by a review of appropriate compression apparatus, types of compressors, and particular pipeline specifications necessary for the transport of both hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysers. The significance of health and safety in hydrogen systems is underscored due to the flammable nature and high diffusivity of hydrogen. This paper defines the recommended health and safety protocols for hydrogen storage and pipeline operations, alongside exemplary practices for the effective implementation of these protocols across various storage and pipeline configurations. Moreover, it investigates the function of oxygen transport pipelines and the applications of oxygen produced from electrolysers, considering the interconnected safety standards governing hydrogen and oxygen infrastructure. The conclusions drawn from this study facilitate the advancement of secure and efficient hydrogen storage and pipeline systems, thereby furthering the overarching aim of scalable hydrogen energy deployment within both energy and industrial sectors.
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    Preliminary assessment of a hydrogen farm including health and safety and capacity needs
    (MDPI, 2024-12-02) Alssalehin, Esmaeil; Holborn, Paul; Pilidis, Pericles
    The safety engineering design of hydrogen systems and infrastructure, worker education and training, regulatory compliance, and engagement with other stakeholders are significant to the viability and public acceptance of hydrogen farms. The only way to ensure these are accomplished is for the field of hydrogen safety engineering (HSE) to grow and mature. HSE is described as the application of engineering and scientific principles to protect the environment, property, and human life from the harmful effects of hydrogen-related mishaps and accidents. This paper describes a whole hydrogen farm that produces hydrogen from seawater by alkaline and proton exchange membrane electrolysers, then details how the hydrogen gas will be used: some will be stored for use in a combined-cycle gas turbine, some will be transferred to a liquefaction plant, and the rest will be exported. Moreover, this paper describes the design framework and overview for ensuring hydrogen safety through these processes (production, transport, storage, and utilisation), which include legal requirements for hydrogen safety, safety management systems, and equipment for hydrogen safety. Hydrogen farms are large-scale facilities used to create, store, and distribute hydrogen, which is usually produced by electrolysis using renewable energy sources like wind or solar power. Since hydrogen is a vital energy carrier for industries, transportation, and power generation, these farms are crucial in assisting the global shift to clean energy. A versatile fuel with zero emissions at the point of use, hydrogen is essential for reaching climate objectives and decarbonising industries that are difficult to electrify. Safety is essential in hydrogen farms because hydrogen is extremely flammable, odourless, invisible, and also has a small molecular size, meaning it is prone to leaks, which, if not handled appropriately, might cause fires or explosions. To ensure the safe and dependable functioning of hydrogen production and storage systems, stringent safety procedures are required to safeguard employees, infrastructure, and the surrounding environment from any mishaps.